Beliefs About Child TV Viewing in Low-Income Mexican American Parents of Preschoolers: Development of the Beliefs About
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Beliefs About Child TV Viewing in Low-Income Mexican American Parents of Preschoolers: Development of the Beliefs About Child TV Viewing Scale (B-TV) Darcy A. Thompson6 · Susan L. Johnson1 · Sarah J. Schmiege2 · Elizabeth A. Vandewater3 · Richard E. Boles1 · Jerusha Lev4 · Jeanne M. Tschann5
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2018
Abstract Objectives Parental beliefs about child television viewing may affect the way parents regulate child television viewing. Despite this, little research has focused on the development of measures of parental beliefs about child television viewing, particularly among ethnic minority parents and parents of young children. This study’s objective was to develop and test a culturally-based measure of parental beliefs about television viewing in low-income Mexican American mothers of preschoolers. Methods Using a cross-sectional study design, 22 items reflecting parental beliefs about influences of TV on children were developed and assessed for psychometric properties in a sample of 312 low-income Mexican American mothers of preschoolers. Results Using exploratory factor analysis, we identified four factors reflecting four domains of parental beliefs: positive general beliefs, positive sleep-related beliefs, positive functional beliefs, and negative general beliefs. Internal reliabilities were acceptable (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.70–0.89) for all factors except negative general beliefs (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.61). Positive sleep-related beliefs and Positive Functional Beliefs were correlated with children’s average daily hours of TV (r = 0.16, p 25 h/week) Childcare No childcare Family member care Structured child care Other care Maternal English language acculturation Maternal Spanish language acculturation Child: average daily hours of TV Mother: average daily hours of TV Father: average daily hours of TV Average daily hours TV turned on in home
3.91 (0.79) 53.5% (167) 10.07 (2.89) 72.4% (226) 1.93 (1.20) 31.04 (6.41) 77.2% (241) 9.0% (28) 13.8% (43) 51.3% (160) 30.1% (94) 12.2% (38) 6.4% (20) 2.60 (1.46) 3.83 (1.48) 2.90 (1.91) 2.53 (1.73) 2.17 (1.85) 4.96 (4.06)
Exploratory Factor Analysis Based on the model selection criteria, a 4-factor model emerged as the best fit to the data. The RMSEA value improved with the inclusion of additional factors, decreasing from 0.091 (95% CI 0.084–0.098) for the one-factor model, to a good-fitting value of 0.054 (95% CI 0.044–0.063) for the 4-factor model. Furthermore, based on a Chi square difference test, the 4-factor model fit significantly better than the 3-factor model (Δχ2 = 93.82, p
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