Bending (Tubes, Profiles)
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Bending (Tubes, Profiles) A. Erman Tekkaya and Sami Chatti Institute of Forming Technology and Lightweight Components, TU Dortmund Universtiy, Dortmund, Germany
Synonyms Pipe bending; Profile bending; Section bending; Tube bending
Definition According to DIN 8586 bending is the forming of a solid body, in which the plastic state is mainly induced by a bending load. The further processing of tubes and profiled semifinished products by bending processes to workpieces with different shapes, such as rings, segments, and 3D shapes, is referred to in this context as tube and profile bending. Tubes are considered as special profiles with circular cross sections.
Theory and Application Introduction Bending is one of the most commonly used procedures in sheet metal processing industry and is
used in different application areas. Also, various profiled semifinished products with different cross-sectional shapes can be produced and further processed by bending. In addition to sheet metals, wires, strips, rods, tubes, profiles, and preformed components can be shaped by bending on various forming machines. In the literature, the bending procedures for tubes and profiles are often classified in the same way as the sheet metal bending processes. However, tube and profile bending processes are to be treated differently because of their special features. This is mainly due to the fact that the cross sections have special features that must be preserved after bending (Chatti 1998). Application Fields of Bent Profiles The use of bent profiles with their diverse cross sections, different contours, and multifunctional properties opened up new design opportunities for innovative lightweight construction products in the past and promises to be the basis of lightweight construction perspectives in the future. Profiles allow the construction of structures with low weight and little joining and cutting efforts showing improved space saving and aerodynamic properties (Jeswiet et al. 2000; Kleiner et al. 2003). The application fields of such structures will be found where lightweight construction allows a higher acceleration capacity at the same driving power or energy savings. This is why bent profiles
# CIRP 2018 The International Academy for Production Engineering et al. (eds.), CIRP Encyclopedia of Production Engineering, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35950-7_18-4
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have been used more and more in various fields of traffic engineering (automobile industry, utility vehicles construction, railway manufacturing, shipbuilding) as well as in aircraft construction. Other further advanced application fields can be found in civil engineering, in mechanical and apparatus engineering, in the furniture industry, in the material-handling technology, as well as in lifting and conveying systems (Fig. 1). But even in the fields of architecture or design, for example, in the furniture industry, the use of structures made of bent tubes and profiles opens a wide range of innovative opportunities. These selected examples show that profiles with straight and curved co
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