Bilateral anatomical variations in the extensor compartment of forearm and hand
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ANATOMIC VARIATIONS
Bilateral anatomical variations in the extensor compartment of forearm and hand Monica Adriana Vaida1 · Cristina Gug2 · Adelina Maria Jianu1 · Nawwaf Sebastian Damen3 · Ioana Liliana Muntean2 · Laura Grigoriță1 Received: 26 May 2020 / Accepted: 17 September 2020 © Springer-Verlag France SAS, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract An unusual variation of the extensor muscles was found during the routine dissection of the posterior compartment of the forearm. The left forearm presented an extensor medii proprius muscle, the tendon of which had an unusual trajectory. It passed through the second extensor compartment between the tendons of the extensor carpi radialis longus and extensor carpi radialis brevis muscles. The right forearm presented two muscles for the index finger: one, the extensor indicis et medius communis, the tendon of which was split into three tendons, one radial and one ulnar for the index finger and a rudimentary tendon for the middle finger; the second muscle for the index finger had an unusual origin, common with the extensor carpi radialis brevis, and its tendon ran superficially to the tendon of the extensor indicis et medius communis muscle. Knowledge goes tendon variations can be significant not only for clinicians to misdiagnose a debilitating wrist extensor pain syndrome but also for surgeons to avoid iatrogenic injuries in hand surgery. Keywords Anatomical variation · Extensor medii proprius · Extensor digitorum · Extensor indicis et medius communis · Origin Abbreviations EMP Extensor medii proprius EI Extensor indicis ED Extensor digitorum ED-L Extensor digitorum for the middle finger ECRL Extensor carpi radialis longus ECRB Extensor carpi radialis brevis EPL Extensor pollicis longus ED-R Extensor digitorum for the ring finger ED-I Extensor digitorum for the index finger abEI Aberrant extensor indicis BR Brachioradialis * Adelina Maria Jianu [email protected] 1
Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
2
Department of Microscopic Morphology, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
3
Department of Pediatric Surgery, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
APL Abductor pollicis longus APB Abductor pollicis brevis EPB Extensor pollicis brevis ECU Extensor carpi ulnaris EDM Extensor digiti minimi EIMC Extensor indicis et medii communis ER Extensor retinaculum EDBM Extensor digitorum brevis manus EPI Extensor pollicis et indicis EDMQ Extensor digiti minimi et quarti EDPC Extensor digitorum profundus complex
Introduction The posterior compartment of the forearm contains in the superficial plan the extensor digitorum (ED), the extensor digiti minimi (EDM), and the extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) muscles, in the profound plan, the abductor pollicis longus (APL), the extensor pollicis brevis (EPB), the extensor pollicis
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