Biodiversity in ecosystems: principles and case studies of different complexity levels
This volume does not aim at merely adding to the vast and increasing number of individual publications on `biodiversity'. Rather it is our objective to investigate biodiversity on the previously little studied coenosis and landscape levels. Phytosociologi
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Tasks for vegetation science 34 SERIES EDITORS H. Lieth, University ofOsnabruck, Germany A. Kratochwil, University ofOsnabruck, Germany
The titles published in this series are listed at the end a/this volume.
Biodiversity in ecosystems: principles and case studies of different complexity levels
Edited by
A. KRATOCHWIL
SPRINGER-SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.V.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data.
ISBN 978-1-4020-0280-9 ISBN 978-94-011-4677-7 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-94-011-4677-7
Printed on acid-free paper
All Rights Reserved © 1999 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 1999 Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover 1st edition 1999 No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, inc1uding photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner.
Contents
Editorial by A. Kratochwil
1
Chapter 1
5
Biodiversity survey and principles
Biodiversity in ecosystems: some principles A. Kratochwil The diversity of the fauna of two beech forests: some thoughts about possible mechanisms causing the observed patterns M. Schaefer
Chapter 2
Fauna, flora, and vegetation in ecosystems: some aspects of biodiversity
5
39
59
Biodiversity in Mediterranean ecosystems G. Pignatti & S. Pignatti Spatial arrangements of habitats and biodiversity: an approach to a sigmasociological view A. Schwabe Diversity of pasture-woodlands of north-western Germany R.Pott
75
107
Plant diversity in successional grasslands: How is it modified by foliar insect herbivory? VK. Brown & A.c. Gange
133
The importance of biogeography to biodiversity of bird communities of coniferous forests M. Mattes
147
Limits and conservation of the species diversity of small mammal communities R. Schropfer
157
Lemurs as indicators for assessing biodiversity in forest ecosystems of Madagascar: Why it does not work J. U. Ganzhorn
163
vi
Chapter 3
Biodiversity and nature preservation
175
Conservation of biodiversity - scientific standards and practical realization W Haber
175
Elements of biodiversity in today's nature conservation discussion - from a geobotanical viewpoint H. Haeupler
185
Biodiversity - its levels and relevance for nature conservation in Germany J. Blab, M. Klein & A. Ssymank
199
Editorial The subject of biological diversity is a highly complex one; its treatment must accordingly be comprehensive and varied. This volume does not aim at merely adding to the immensely grown and meanwhile apparently incalculable number of individual publications on "biodiversity", all the more since already many excellent articles and books have been published (see e.g. List of References Kratochwil in this volume). It is rather our objective to investigate biodiversity on the up to now little studied coenosis and landscape levels. Phytosociological and animal-ecological fields are considered, as well as theoretic
