Biological Methanation of H 2 and CO 2 with Mixed Cultures: Current Advances, Hurdles and Challenges
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Biological Methanation of H2 and CO2 with Mixed Cultures: Current Advances, Hurdles and Challenges Yan Rafrafi1 · Léa Laguillaumie1 · Claire Dumas1 Received: 17 April 2020 / Accepted: 26 October 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract In order to take action against global warming and ensure a greater energy independence, countries around the world are expected to drastically increase the proportion of renewable energy in their energy mix. However, the intermittent production of energy explains why energy supply and demand do not match. In this context, biomethanation, coupled with anaerobic digestion, could be an interesting approach to transform the extra amount of produced electricity by converting hydrogen (produced by electrolysis) and carbon dioxide (present in biogas) into methane. In this review, we have summarized several recently published results which involve biological methanation processes performed by mixed cultures, with an emphasis on microbiological as well as process aspects. In particular, the different microorganisms involved in the process, as well as the used metabolic pathways, along with their kinetic and thermodynamic specificities, are described. Furthermore, the influence of process parameters such as the type of reactor, the type of diffuser and the choice of H 2 injection (in situ or ex situ) or the different operating conditions are presented. Explanations of the different performances observed in literature are assumed, technical bottlenecks are listed, and possible solutions to overcome these issues are presented. Finally, the current commercial deployment of this technology is discussed through the example of three companies offering different biomethanation solutions.
Yan Rafrafi and Léa Laguillaumie have Shared co-first authorship. The two authors have worked together on this publication and contributed equally. * Claire Dumas claire.dumas@insa‑toulouse.fr Yan Rafrafi rafrafi@insa‑toulouse.fr Léa Laguillaumie laguilla@insa‑toulouse.fr 1
TBI, University of Toulouse, INSA, INRAE, CNRS, Toulouse, France
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Waste and Biomass Valorization
Graphic Abstract
Keywords Biomethanation · Biogas upgrading · Mixed cultures · Hydrogen · Carbon dioxide reduction
Statement of Novelty This review article highlights the current great interest for biological methanation. We have considered the numerous results from recent literature on biological methanation processes performed by mixed cultures, with an emphasis on microbiological as well as processes aspects. In particular, the different microorganisms involved in the process as well as the metabolic pathways used with their kinetic and thermodynamics specificities are detailed. Then, the influence of process parameters or the different operating conditions are presented. Finally, the actual commercial deployment of this technology is discussed through the example of three companies offering different biomethanation solutions.
Introduction The European commission has set the target for r
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