Biomarkers of Cardiometabolic Risk, Inflammation and Disease
This book discusses recent advances in the area of cardiometabolic risk biomarkers of chronic inflammatory and cardiovascular disorders. Tackling the topic in a systematic manner, the book starts with an introduction to cardiometabolic risk and its clinic
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Biomarkers of Cardiometabolic Risk, Inflammation and Disease
Filipe Palavra • Flávio Reis • Daniela Marado Armando Sena Editors
Biomarkers of Cardiometabolic Risk, Inflammation and Disease
Editors Filipe Palavra Laboratory of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI) and CNC.IBILI Research Unit Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra University Coimbra, Portugal
Flávio Reis Laboratory of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI) and CNC.IBILI Research Unit Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra University Coimbra, Portugal
Daniela Marado Department of Internal Medicine – B Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra Coimbra, Portugal
Armando Sena Interdisciplinary Centre of Research Egas Moniz, CiiEM Caparica, Portugal
ISBN 978-3-319-16017-7 ISBN 978-3-319-16018-4 DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-16018-4
(eBook)
Library of Congress Control Number: 2015937599 Springer Cham Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface
Cardiovascular diseases are among the leading causes of permanent disability and death worldwide. In recent years, an extraordinary effort has been made, in terms of public health, to optimize the prevention of these diseases and to minimize the major risk factors that are associated with them. We have never been so aggressive in fighting against sedentary lifestyle, obesity, smoking, arterial hypertension and metabolic dysregulation (especially considering diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia). However, the impact of such measures on the epidemiology (particularly on the incidence) of these diseases has not been as strong as desired. They continue to be responsible for high costs worldwide, not only from a personal viewpoin
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