Black Phosphate Uranium Ores from Vitim Plateau (Buryat Republic)
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k Phosphate Uranium Ores from Vitim Plateau (Buryat Republic) O. A. Doinikovaa,*, N. N. Tarasova, P. M. Kartashova, and V. A. Petrova a Institute
of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119017 Russia *e-mail: [email protected] Received May 06, 2019; revised December 02, 2019; accepted December 05, 2019
Abstract—Dispersed radioactive ore mineralization (uranium blacks) in paleovalley deposits of the Vitim uraniumore region (Buryat Republic) has been studied by a set of methods of analytical electron microscopy (SEM, TEM). The ore component, tetravalent uranium phosphate ningyoite, in the form of micrometer crystalline mineraloid precipitations is represented in all kinds of host rocks (sands, bedding granites, overlapping basalts). The previously little known phosphate-black uranium ores are new-for-Russia type of industrial ores. Keywords: uranium blacks, ningyoite, black uranium ore, paleochannel deposits DOI: 10.1134/S1066362220040128
These include the deposits in the fringe of the WestSiberian plate with medium resources: Dalmatovskoe (12 000 tons), Khokhlovskoe (11 000 tons), and Dobrovol’noe (8 000 tons) [2]. In 2017, 592 tons of uranium was produced. In addition, minor deposits and ore manifestations of the same type are known in the Mariinskii region of Transurals: Malinovskoe, Novoe, Prigorodnoe, Ledyashevskoe, etc. [3]. Khiagda AO carries out in Transbaikalia (Buryat Republic) industrial exploitation and surveying of uranium deposits of the Vitim ore district. The main resource base, Khiagda Ore field (KhOF), is situated on the Vitim plateau (North-Eastern Transbaikalia).This is a group of proved paleovalley deposits in the region of the Vitim River: Dybryn, Namaru, Koretkonde, Tetrakh, Khiagda, Vershinnoe, Istochnoe, Kolichikan. The KhOF deposits were discovered in the 1980s. The Khiagda deposit was the first to be studied in this group, with its name further used to name the whole ore field. All the KhOF deposits are localized in the paleovalleys incised into the crystalline basement (Fig. 1). In addition, there are several minor deposits and ore manifestations of the same type in the northern and southern parts of the Vitim ore district (outside KhOF) (Dzhilindinskoe etc.). At present, prospecting surveys are carried out in the northern part of the region. A sandy basal-channel deposit Balkovskoe is also known on the territory of Russia in Miocene
Uranium deposits of the sandstone type predominate in the world’s mining of uranium. They are the most economically viable for in situ leaching (ISL) methods. In 2015, more than 55% of the world’s production of uranium was extracted from sandstone deposits of the industrial type [1]. These exogenic deposits are formed in the uppermost layers of Earth’s crust. Uranium ores are formed here as a result of oxidation of sedimentary deposits by oxygen-containing ground/edge water. According to the classification by IAEA in 2013, the following three subtypes are the most widely represented among sandstone u
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