Blend-based fibers produced via centrifugal spinning and electrospinning processes: Physical and rheological properties
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Blend-based fibers produced via centrifugal spinning and electrospinning processes: Physical and rheological properties Nathália O. Muniz1,2,a), Fernanda A. Vechietti1,3, Guilherme R. Anesi1, Gustavo V. Guinea2, Luís Alberto L. dos Santos1 1
Laboratory of Biomaterials, Materials Engineering Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGS, Porto Alegre/RS 90650-001, Brazil Center for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Campus Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid 28223, Spain 3 Mechanics and Composite Materials Department, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung, Dresden 01069, Germany a) Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected] 2
Received: 29 April 2020; accepted: 6 July 2020
Cellprene™ is a recently developed polymeric blend based on poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/polyisoprene (PI) with good biological performance for biomedical applications. However, its potential as fiber scaffold in tissue engineering is still unknown, and the influence of processing parameters is yet to be understood. In this study, several compositions based on PLGA/PI blend mixed with hydroxyapatite (HAp) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) were prepared by solvent casting. Then, the membranes were used to produce micro/nanofibers by centrifugal spinning (CS) and electrospinning (ES). The viscosity’s effect was studied to find an ideal viscosity value to produce homogeneous micro/nanofibers. The in vitro bioactivity test was also performed. Rheological results showed that the best viscosity range was (0.105 Pa s > η > 0.138 Pa s) for CS; larger fibers of ES were produced with lower viscosities. The sample with the lowest HAp concentration exhibited thinner and more homogeneous non-beaded fibers and proved its bioactivity response.
Introduction A variety of natural and synthetic polymers, bio-ceramics, and their composites have been used to produce scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. An appropriate polymer for medical applications should be biocompatible, nontoxic, nonimmunogenic, and non-mutagenic [1]. Despite possessing good biological and mechanical properties, many synthetic polymers, such as polylactide (PLA), poly(e-caprolactone) (PCL) and poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA), present poor hydrophilicity [2]. To overcome this issue, blends with natural polymer have been introduced from a combination of two or more polymers and those numerous blends have been used for scaffolding due to their appropriate physicochemical and biological features [3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]. Thus, Cellprene™, a polymeric blend based on PLGA/polyisoprene (PI) recently developed, has demonstrated an excellent performance when used for implants [9, 10, 11]. Cellprene™ consists of 60 wt% of PLGA and 40 wt% of PI; the PI is obtained by rubber purification.
© Materials Research Society 2020
Furthermore, composites of polymer/ceramic have been used to achieve appropriate properties. Many researches have used hydroxyapatite (HAp), the major material constituent of bone matrix, combining with polymers
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