Blood oxygen stores of olive ridley sea turtles, Lepidochelys olivacea are highly variable among individuals during arri
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Blood oxygen stores of olive ridley sea turtles, Lepidochelys olivacea are highly variable among individuals during arribada nesting B. Gabriela Arango1 · Martha Harfush‑Meléndez2 · José Alejandro Marmolejo‑Valencia3 · Horacio Merchant‑Larios3 · Daniel E. Crocker1 Received: 16 April 2020 / Revised: 14 September 2020 / Accepted: 29 September 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Sea turtles dive with a full lung of air and these O 2 stores are supplemented by O 2 stored in blood and muscle. Olive ridley sea turtles exhibit polymorphic nesting behavior, mass nesting behavior called arribada, where thousands of turtles will nest at once, and solitary nesting behavior. The potential physiological differences between the individuals using these strategies are not well understood. We measured blood volume and associated variables, including blood hemoglobin content and hematocrit, to estimate total blood O2 stores. There were no significant differences in mean values between nesting strategies, but arribada nesting individuals were more variable than those performing solitary nesting. Mass-specific plasma volume was relatively invariant among individuals but mass specific blood volume and blood oxygen stores varied widely, twofold and threefold, respectively. Blood O 2 stores represented 32% of total body O2 stores. Under typical mean diving conditions of 26 °C and high levels of activity, blood stores confer ~ 14 min to aerobic dive times and are likely critical for the long duration, deep diving exhibited by the species. Individual differences in blood O 2 stores strongly impact estimated aerobic dive limits and may constrain the ability of individuals to respond to changes on ocean climate. Keywords Blood oxygen stores · Olive ridley · cADL · Arribada nesting · Solitary nesting Abbreviations ADL Aerobic dive limit BV Blood volume cADL Calculated aerobic dive limit Hct Hematocrit Mb Myoglobin MCHC Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration PV Plasma volume
Communicated by G. Heldmaier. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00360-020-01321-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * B. Gabriela Arango [email protected] 1
Biology Department, Sonoma State University, 1801 East Cotati Ave, Rohnert Park, CA 94928, USA
2
Centro Mexicano de La Tortuga, Mazunte, Oaxaca, Mexico
3
Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, Mexico
Introduction Air-breathing diving animals display a variety of anatomical, physiological, and behavioral adaptations that allow them to increase their time underwater used for foraging, migrating, mating and predator avoidance. These animals maximize time at depth through the use of aerobic metabolism and enhance dive durations through increased body O2 stores (Kooyman 1989). Total body O2 stores are dependent on several variables, including diving lung volume, blood vo
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