Blood supply chain: a two-stage approach for tactical and operational planning
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Blood supply chain: a two‑stage approach for tactical and operational planning Ana Margarida Araújo1 · Daniel Santos1 · Inês Marques1 · Ana Barbosa‑Povoa1 Received: 16 January 2020 / Accepted: 4 August 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This work proposes a new integer linear programming model for tactical and operational planning of the blood supply chain. A two-stage approach is developed with a first aggregated stage to establish tactical planning decisions and a second disaggregated stage for the operational level. The model considers multi-products, multiperiods and perishability in a large planning horizon. Inventory levels as well as waste of whole blood and blood-derived products are also modelled. A purchase flow is introduced to handle situations of not enough collection to satisfy demand. The objective is cost minimisation whilst reducing waste and dependence on other regions through purchase. A case study of the South Region of Portugal is explored, demonstrating the possibility of decreased dependency and waste by adjusting allocation of facilities and allowing a more even distribution of activities between processing centres. This is the first study of the kind ever conducted on the Portuguese blood supply chain. Keywords Supply chain management · Blood supply chain · Tactical and operational planning · Perishability · Integer programming
* Daniel Santos [email protected] Ana Margarida Araújo [email protected] Inês Marques [email protected] Ana Barbosa‑Povoa [email protected] 1
Centre for Management Studies, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049‑001 Lisbon, Portugal
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1 Introduction The blood supply chain encompasses the evolution and tracking of blood and its components from donor to recipient, comprising the processes of collecting, testing, processing and distributing blood and its derived products (Osorio et al. 2015). Blood and its components are anything but ordinary commodities. They are remarkable in the sense that they have an outstanding impact in human lives. The consequences of shortages of such products may be vast and vary between interfering with scheduled procedures or, more severely, contributing to the inability of saving patients, which translates into a powerful influence in mortality rates. Contrarily, surplus is likely to be followed by outdates, which, in turn, lead to ethical issues as waste of such scarce products is strongly frowned upon by society (Beliën and Forcé 2012). Furthermore, it is a commodity that is becoming increasingly limited, once donation numbers have reached, in general, a new low. In Portugal, donation numbers decreased from 30.70 donors per 1000 inhabitants in 2008 to 21.74 donors per 1000 inhabitants in 2016 (de Sousa et al. 2016). The need for such a commodity is not likely to cease to exist, which is why the blood supply chain is such a worthy topic that merits study, w
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