Bolted joints for small and medium reticulated timber domes: experimental study, numerical simulation, and design streng
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(2020) 20:73
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Bolted joints for small and medium reticulated timber domes: experimental study, numerical simulation, and design strength estimation Zhan Shu1 · Zheng Li2 · Minjuan He2 · Fei Chen2 · Chao Hu2 · Feng Liang2,3 Received: 4 February 2020 / Revised: 24 April 2020 / Accepted: 28 May 2020 © Wroclaw University of Science and Technology 2020
Abstract This paper proposes a new type of bolted glulam joint for small-span and medium-span reticulated timber dome structures. The joint fastens the timber elements and the angled slotted-in steel plates together with steel bolts. Reasonably simplified experiments were designed and conducted to understand the mechanical properties of the proposed joint. Finite element models were also developed and calibrated with the tested results. A four-line model was provided to explain the mechanical properties of the joints, which were observed from the tests and simulations. To facilitate the future use of the proposed joint, theoretical derivations were provided to estimate its mechanical features. According to the estimation equations, bilinear moment–rotation curves could be easily obtained for the joints with different wood species, member sizes, joint designs, and/or bolt diameters. Finally, full-size structural models were created to investigate the static stability of K6 single-layered reticulated timber domes with the proposed joints. The influences on the ultimate structural stability capacity from the span, the rise-to-span ratio, the joint model (i.e., stiffness), the initial geometric imperfection introduced from the construction, and the load distribution were systematically investigated. Keywords Reticulated dome · Timber structure · Spatial structure · Bolted joint · Stability analysis
1 Introduction The single-layered reticulated domes/shells are commonly seen type of spatial structures. Due to the unique singlelayered feature, some proper structural design and evaluation become necessary to avoid the damages to the joints and the members against special loads. Geometric and material nonlinearities shall be considered [1, 2]. Besides, similar to other spatial structures, the focal aspects of the singlelayered reticulated domes are the stability analyses against static [3] and dynamic loads [4], the seismic performance [5], the progressive collapse mechanism [6], etc. * Zheng Li [email protected] 1
Department of Civil Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
2
Department of Structural Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
3
Tongji Architectural Design (Group) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200092, China
Meanwhile, domes built with different types of materials could provide various aesthetic perceptions. In the structural respect, many of existing studies investigate the performance of steel reticulated domes. Different types of joints were proposed and their semi-rigid characteristics were investigated. For example, some of the existing joints are the TEMCOR joint [7], the socket joints [8], the we
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