Boron neutron capture therapy for malignant brain tumors
- PDF / 1,520,023 Bytes
- 11 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 59 Downloads / 233 Views
TOPIC REVIEW
Boron neutron capture therapy for malignant brain tumors Shin‑Ichi Miyatake1,2 · Masahiko Wanibuchi1,2 · Naonori Hu1 · Koji Ono1 Received: 31 May 2020 / Accepted: 11 July 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Background Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is tumor-selective particle radiation therapy that depends on the nuclear capture and fission reactions. These reactions occur when a non-radioactive boron isotope (10B) is irradiated with low-energy thermal neutrons to yield high linear energy transfer α-particles and lithium-7 nuclei within a limited path length, i.e., an almost one-cell diameter. The 10B-containing cells can then be selectively destroyed by these potent particles. BNCT has been applied in the field of malignant brain tumors for newly diagnosed and recurrent malignant gliomas (chiefly glioblastomas). Clinical results These clinical applications of BNCT have been performed with reactor-based neutron sources over the past decades. We also applied reactor-based BNCT for 58 newly diagnosed glioblastomas and 68 recurrent malignant gliomas including 52 glioblastomas. In this review article, we summarize the clinical results from the literature concerning BNCT for these high-grade gliomas (including our research). We also applied reactor-based BNCT for 46 cases of recurrent and refractory high-grade meningiomas, and some of the results will be presented herein. Future prospects In Japan, neutron sources have been shifted from reactors to accelerators. Phase 1 and 2 clinical trials have been performed for recurrent malignant gliomas using accelerator-based neutron sources, and now fortunately, a cyclotron-based neutron generator has been approved as a medical device by Japanese regulatory authority, as the world’s first accelerator-based BNCT system for medical use. We also discuss the future prospects of accelerator-based BNCT in hospitals as therapy for malignant brain tumors. Keywords BNCT · Glioma · Glioblastoma · Meningioma · PET · Review
Introduction Principle Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a cell-targeting particle radiotherapy that enables the selective killing of malignant cells and the sparing of normal cells. BNCT is a binary approach: a boron-10 (10B)-labeled compound must deliver higher concentrations of 10B to target tumor cells compared to the concentrations delivered to the tumor cells’ surrounding normal tissues. This delivery of 10B is followed by irradiation with low-energy thermal neutrons. When a neutron collides with 10B, high linear energy transfer * Shin‑Ichi Miyatake neu070@osaka‑med.ac.jp 1
Kansai BNCT Medical Center, Osaka Medical College, 2‑7 Daigaku‑Machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569‑8686, Japan
Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka Medical College, 2‑7 Daigaku‑Machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569‑8686, Japan
2
(LET) particles, i.e., α-particles and recoiling 7Li particles, are released within one cell’s diameter by the 10B (n, α) 7 Li neutron capture reaction [1]. These high-LET particles can destroy suffici
Data Loading...
