Bound gravitational waves in a dielectric medium and a constant magnetic field
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Bound gravitational waves in a dielectric medium and a constant magnetic field A. N. Morozov1,a , V. I. Pustovoit1,2,b , I. V. Fomin1,c 1 Department of Physics, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow, Russia 105005 2 Scientific and Technological Centre of Unique Instrumentation of the Russian Academy of Sciences,
Moscow, Russia 117342 Received: 29 September 2020 / Accepted: 20 November 2020 © Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract A description is made of the process of excitation of bound longitudinal-transverse gravitational waves during the propagation of electromagnetic waves in a dielectric medium. It is shown that the speed of such gravitational waves is less than the speed of light in a vacuum and coincides with the speed of an electromagnetic wave in matter. A description of the propagation of a bound gravitational waves in a dielectric in the presence of a constant magnetic field is suggested as well. It is claimed that these gravitational waves in a dielectric medium are forced ones and they cannot exist in a free state. An assessment was also made of the effect of cold magnetized plasma on the characteristics of such gravitational waves.
1 Introduction The recent discovery of gravitational waves from the neutron stars and black holes mergers [1–3] has led to significant limitations on modifications of Einstein theory of gravity. It was experimentally found that the propagation velocity of gravitational waves is closed to the speed of light in vacuum, and, thus, such a value corresponds to a limited class of gravity theories, including General Relativity [4,5]. On the other hand, electromagnetic waves themselves generate corresponding gravitational perturbations of space-time metric, and this problem has been analyzed earlier in a lot of papers [6–17]. Also, the excitation of gravitational waves when a strong electromagnetic wave propagates in empty space is considered in the works [18–24]. In these works, it was shown that an electromagnetic wave excites a gravitational wave having a propagation velocity that coincides with the speed of an electromagnetic wave in a vacuum. Also, in [25–34] it was shown that when an electromagnetic wave propagates in a strong constant magnetic field, a transverse gravitational wave with a linearly increasing amplitude increases from distance. Moreover, the speed of such a gravitational wave also coincides with the speed of light in a vacuum. Thus, the analysis of generation of gravitational waves by standing electromagnetic waves in resonators with a dielectric medium [21,23,35] turns out
a e-mails: [email protected]; [email protected] b e-mail: [email protected] c e-mail: [email protected] (corresponding author)
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to be limited to the case of excitation of transverse gravitational waves propagating with the speed of light in empty space. At the same time, the other types of polarizations of gravitational waves are consi
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