Brain-Body-Mind in the Nebulous Cartesian System: A Holistic Approach by Oscillations
Brain-Body-Mind in the Nebulous Cartesian System: A Holistic Approach by Oscillations is a research monograph, with didactical features, on the mechanisms of the mind, encompassing a wide spectrum of results and analyses. The book should appeal to scienti
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Erol Başar
Brain-Body-Mind in the Nebulous Cartesian System: A Holistic Approach by Oscillations
Erol Başar Istanbul Kültür University Istanbul Turkey [email protected]
ISBN 978-1-4419-6134-1 e-ISBN 978-1-4419-6136-5 DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-6136-5 Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2011 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
In Memory of The Renowned Physicist and Natural Philosopher CARL FRIEDRICH VON WEIZSÄCKER Whose Advice Illuminated My Multidisciplinary Research Pathway
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Prologue
Everything in the universe could be explained in terms of a few intelligible systems and simple approaches, upon which the stars and the earth and all visible worlds may have been produced. René Descartes All matter in the universe is made up of elementary particles of only few kinds. It is like seeing in one town buildings of different sizes, construction and architecture, but from shack to skyscraper only few different kind of bricks were used, the same in all the buildings. So all known elements of our material world, from hydrogen the lightest, to uranium the heaviest, are built of the same kinds of bricks, that is, the same kinds of elementary particles. Albert Einstein
Brain-Body-Mind Syncytium Are the philosophical views of Descartes and Einstein suggestive of the search for elementary principles of brain-body-mind Integration? The core idea of the book is reflected in the following: EEG oscillations, ultraslow oscillations, and neurotransmitters are quasi-invariants in brain-bodymind function and during the evolution of species. The brain, spinal cord, overall myogenic system, brain-body rhythms, and neurotransmitters form a functional syncytium. Accordingly, the concept of syncytium brain-body-mind replaces the concept of mind. In this syncytium, neurons, smooth muscles, neurotransmitters, EEG-, and ultraslow-oscillations that govern all functional processes, are possibly the few intelligible systems or elementary bricks in the sense implied by Descartes and Einstein, respectively. In future, genetic codes that should be jointly analyzed with cognitive processes, will belong to the few intelligible systems The multiplicity of functional links in brain-body integration doe
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