Breakthrough Propulsion
Although this book discusses many advanced concepts that enhance present propulsion systems, in nearly every aspect we are already at (or know) the limit. For example, the LO2/LH2 chemical rocket engine from the space shuttle orbiter has a combustion effi
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Springer-Verlag Wien GmbH
Dipl. Ing. Dr. Martin Tajrnar ARC Seibersdorf Research GmBH, Seibersdorf, Austria
This book was generously supported by the Austrian Research Centers
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically those of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, broadcasting, reproduction by photocopying machines or similar means, and storage in data banks.
Product Liability: The publisher can give no guarantee for all the information contained in this book. This does also refer to information about drug dosage and application thereof. In every individual case the respective user must check its accuracy by consulting other pharmaceutical literature. The use of registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
© 2003 Springer-Verlag Wien Originally published by Springer-Verlag Wien New York in 2003
Typesetting: Thomson Press Ltd., Chennai, India Printing: A. Holzhausen Nfg., A-1l40 Wien
Printed on acid-free and chlorine-free bleached paper SPIN: 10888345
With 121 (partly coloured) Figures
CIP-data applied for
ISBN 978-3-211-83862-4 ISBN 978-3-7091-0547-4 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-7091-0547-4
Contents Introduction .................................................... .
3
1 Propulsion Fundamentals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1 History......................................................... 1.2 Propulsion Fundamentals .......................................... 1.2.1 Tsiolkovski Equation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2.2 Delta-V Budget. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l.2.3 Single-staging - Multi-staging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1.3 Trajectory and Orbits ............................................. 1.3.1 Keplerian Orbital Elements in Elliptical Orbits ................... 1.3.2 Orbit Types ............................................... 1.3.3 Orbit Transfers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4 Classification of Propulsion Systems .................................
3 7 8 9 12 14 15 17 19 20
2 Chemical Propulsion Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 Thennodynamic Characterization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2.2 Chemical Propulsion Overview ..................................... 2.2.1 Liquid Propulsion Systems ................................... 2.2.2 Solid Propulsion Systems .................................... 2.2.3 Hybrid Propulsion Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2.3 Nozzle Design - Atmospheric Flight. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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