British Upper Carboniferous Stratigraphy

This volume summarizes the results of a survey of British Upper Carboniferous sites, undertaken between 1978 and 1990 as part of the Geological Conservation Review (GCR). The GCR was the first attempt to assess the scientific significance of all Britain's

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GCR Editor: L.P. Thomas

JOINT~ NATURE" CONSERVATION

COMMITTEE

SPRINGER-SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.V.

First edition 1996 © 1996 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht Originally published by Chapman & Hall in 1996 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1996

Typeset in 1O/l2pt Garamond ITC by Columns Design and Production Services Ltd, Reading

ISBN 978-94-010-4260-4 ISBN 978-94-011-0587-3 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-94-0 1l-0587-3 Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or reveiw, as permitted under the UK copyright Designs and Patents Act, 1988, this publication may not be reproduced, stored, or transmitted, in any form by any means, without the prior permisssion in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction only in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the Copyright licensing Agency in the UK, or in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the appropriate Reproduction Rights Organization outside the UK. Enquiries concerning the reproduction outside the terms stated here should be sent to the publishers at the London address printed on this page. The publisher makes no representation, express or implied, with regard to the accuracy of the information contained in this book and cannot accept any legal responsibility or liability for any errrors or omissions that may be made. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British library library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 95-74663

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British Upper Carboniferous Stratigraphy

THE GEOLOGICAL CONSERVATION REVIEW SERIES The comparatively small land area of Great Britain contains an unrivalled sequence of rocks, mineral and fossil deposits, and a variety of landforms that span much of the Earth's long history. Well-documented ancient volcanic episodes, famous fossil sites and sedimentary rock sections used internationally as comparative standards, have given these islands an importance out of all proportion to their size. The long sequences of strata and their organic and inorganic contents have been studied by generations of leading geologists, thus giving Britain a unique status in the development of the science. Many of the divisions of geological time used throughout the world are named after British sites or areas, for instance, the Cambrian, Ordovician and Devonian systems, the Ludlow Series and the Kimmeridgian and Portlandian stages. The Geological Conservation Review (GCR) was initiated by the Nature Conservancy Council in 1977 to assess, document and ultimately publish accounts of the most important parts of this rich heritage. Since 1991, the task of publication has been assumed by the Joint Nature Conservation Committee on behalf of the three country agencies, English Nature, Scottish Natural Heritage and the Countryside Council for Wales. The GCR series of volumes will review the current state of knowledge of the key earth science sites