Broadband near-infrared emission from Bi-doped aluminosilicate glasses
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Bi-doped sodium–potassium aluminosilicate glasses were synthesized and characterized. Broadband near-infrared (IR) emission covered the whole telecommunication wavelength region, with a maximum peak at about 1250 nm, a full width at half-maximum of about 370 nm, and a lifetime longer than 420 s. The present glasses are potential materials for tunable lasers and optical amplifiers. The decrease of active Bi center concentration with the increase of Na2O content and the addition of CeO2 are first reported here, and the IR emission center in sodium–potassium aluminosilicate glasses might be ascribed to low-valence-state bismuth, most probably, Bi+. As a result of the rapid increase in information traffic in optical-fiber communication networks in recent years, the effective utilization of the telecommunication window (1300–1600 nm) has been pursued by introducing a wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) system. One of the demands for the expanding communication bandwidth of this WDM system is the development of broadband optical amplifiers, which can cover the broad wavelength range in the telecommunication window. At present, broadband near-infrared (IR) emission from Bidoped glasses has been studied, and the full width at half-maximum (FWHM) is larger than that for rareearth-doped materials.1–7 In addition, the optical amplification at 1300 nm and laser oscillation in the spectral region between 1150 and 1300 nm were realized.8,9 However, relatively few studies have been reported concerning broadband near-IR emission with an FWHM of above 300 nm from Bi-doped materials. In this work, the phenomenon of broadband near-IR emission with an FWHM larger than 300 nm is first reported in Bi-doped sodium–potassium aluminosilicate glasses. Furthermore, the compositional dependence of emission properties and the effect of the addition of an oxidation agent (CeO2) on the optical properties of glasses were investigated. Sodium aluminosilicate glasses and potassium aluminosilicate glasses with compositions (in mol%) of xNa2O–(40-x)Al2O3–60SiO2–1Bi2O3 (x ⳱ 15, 17, 20, and 25), 15Na2O–25Al2O3–60SiO2–0.5CeO2–1Bi2O3
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Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: q [email protected] DOI: 10.1557/JMR.2007.0210 J. Mater. Res., Vol. 22, No. 6, Jun 2007
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(NASC), and 15K2O–25Al2O3–60SiO2–1Bi2O3 were prepared by the conventional melt-quenching method. The raw materials are reagents Na2CO3 [analytical reagent (AR)], K2CO3 (AR), Al2O3 (AR), SiO2 (AR), Bi2O3 (5N), and CeO2 (4N). The batches were melted in Pt–Rh crucibles in air at 1680 °C for 30 min and then were cast into a slab on a heated iron plate. The obtained glass samples were cut to a thickness of 2 mm and were polished to optical quality before measurements. Absorption spectra were recorded by a double-beam spectrophotometer (FP-6500; JASCO, Japan). The bulk glass samples were excited at 532 nm (double frequency of the 1.064-m neodymium–yttrium aluminum garnet laser with a power of 50 mW), 808 nm (laser diode with a maximum
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