Building on Gleiter: The Foundations and Future of Deformation Processing of Nanocrystalline Metals
- PDF / 2,234,327 Bytes
- 25 Pages / 593.972 x 792 pts Page_size
- 89 Downloads / 229 Views
Building on Gleiter: The Foundations and Future of Deformation Processing of Nanocrystalline Metals SUVEEN N. MATHAUDHU In 1989, fueled by his prior reports and findings, Prof. Herbert Gleiter published a seminal work on the synthesis, processing, and possibilities for nanocrystalline materials. This spark exploded into the field of bulk nanocrystalline metals by severe plastic deformation processing, with the primary driver being attaining the ultimate strength of a metal through refinement of the grain sizes to a level approaching the theoretically possible limits. This paper will briefly explore the historical development of SPD and based on Turnbull’s strategy of ‘‘energizing and quenching’’ materials to attain a desirable metastable state, present thoughts on incipient-related areas of exploration, including thermal stabilization through solute additions, the role of trace impurities and interstitials, the smallest grain size achievable (both theoretically and practically), and the captivating yet hazy character and role of the grain boundary. Lastly, some new approaches to making and then controlling the behavior of nanocrystalline materials will be presented. At each stage, opportunities for future study will be raised. On the 50th Anniversary of Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, it is hoped that this report will build off the seed planted by Gleiter and inspire new work and collaborations in the years to come. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-020-06031-5 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society and ASM International 2020
I.
HARBINGERS AND ANTECEDENTS*
*This clever Introduction subtitle is borrowed from a classic Metallurgical Transactions A paper titled ‘‘A Brief History of Dislocation Theory’’ by Hirth[3] which has served as an inspiration and model for the current paper.
THE rote history of ‘‘nanotechnology’’ is frequently initiated through a discussion of the pseudo-prophetic lecture of Prof. Richard Feynman at Caltech in 1959, which postulated the scientific and technological advancements that could be achieved through manipulation of condensed matter at the atomic scale. However, to many in the materials science and engineering community, the foundational concepts of nanostructured materials tie back to a different landmark lecture, one by Prof. Herbert Gleiter titled ‘‘Materials with Ultra-Fine Grain Sizes’’ in 1981 at the Second Riso¨
SUVEEN N. MATHAUDHU is with the Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521 and with the Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521 and also with the Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354. Contact e-mail: [email protected] Manuscript submitted May 14, 2020; accepted September 18, 2020.
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A
International Symposium on Metallurgy and Materials Science in Roskilde, Denmark.[1] In that lecture, Gleiter posited and advanced the hypothesis that when the volume fraction of atoms near a
Data Loading...
