Building Theories Heuristics and Hypotheses in Sciences

 This book explores new findings on the long-neglected topic of theory construction and discovery, and challenges the orthodox, current division of scientific development into discrete stages: the stage of generation of new hypotheses; the stage of c

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David Danks Emiliano Ippoliti Editors

Building Theories Heuristics and Hypotheses in Sciences

Studies in Applied Philosophy, Epistemology and Rational Ethics Volume 41

Series editor Lorenzo Magnani, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy e-mail: [email protected] Editorial Board Atocha Aliseda Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Coyoacan, Mexico Giuseppe Longo Centre Cavaillès, CNRS—Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris, France Chris Sinha School of Foreign Languages, Hunan University, Changsha, P.R. China Paul Thagard Waterloo University, Waterloo, ON, Canada John Woods University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada

Studies in Applied Philosophy, Epistemology and Rational Ethics (SAPERE) publishes new developments and advances in all the fields of philosophy, epistemology, and ethics, bringing them together with a cluster of scientific disciplines and technological outcomes: from computer science to life sciences, from economics, law, and education to engineering, logic, and mathematics, from medicine to physics, human sciences, and politics. It aims at covering all the challenging philosophical and ethical themes of contemporary society, making them appropriately applicable to contemporary theoretical, methodological, and practical problems, impasses, controversies, and conflicts. The series includes monographs, lecture notes, selected contributions from specialized conferences and workshops as well as selected Ph.D. theses. Advisory Board A. Abe, Chiba, Japan H. Andersen, Copenhagen, Denmark O. Bueno, Coral Gables, USA S. Chandrasekharan, Mumbai, India M. Dascal, Tel Aviv, Israel G. D. Crnkovic, Göteborg, Sweden M. Ghins, Lovain-la-Neuve, Belgium M. Guarini, Windsor, Canada R. Gudwin, Campinas, Brazil A. Heeffer, Ghent, Belgium M. Hildebrandt, Rotterdam, The Netherlands K. E. Himma, Seattle, USA M. Hoffmann, Atlanta, USA P. Li, Guangzhou, P.R. China G. Minnameier, Frankfurt, Germany M. Morrison, Toronto, Canada Y. Ohsawa, Tokyo, Japan S. Paavola, Helsinki, Finland W. Park, Daejeon, South Korea

A. Pereira, São Paulo, Brazil L. M. Pereira, Caparica, Portugal A.-V. Pietarinen, Helsinki, Finland D. Portides, Nicosia, Cyprus D. Provijn, Ghent, Belgium J. Queiroz, Juiz de Fora, Brazil A. Raftopoulos, Nicosia, Cyprus C. Sakama, Wakayama, Japan C. Schmidt, Le Mans, France G. Schurz, Dusseldorf, Germany N. Schwartz, Buenos Aires, Argentina C. Shelley, Waterloo, Canada F. Stjernfelt, Aarhus, Denmark M. Suarez, Madrid, Spain J. van den Hoven, Delft, The Netherlands P.-P. Verbeek, Enschede, The Netherlands R. Viale, Milan, Italy M. Vorms, Paris, France

More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/10087

David Danks Emiliano Ippoliti •

Editors

Building Theories Heuristics and Hypotheses in Sciences

123

Editors David Danks Department of Philosophy Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, PA USA

Emiliano Ippoliti Dipartimento di Filosofia Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy

ISSN 2192-6255 ISSN 2192-6263 (electronic) Studies in Applied Philosophy, Epistemology and Rational Ethics IS