Buoyant polymer wrapped BiFeO 3 heterostructure as a floatable, visible light-driven photocatalyst for ammonia wastewate
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Buoyant polymer wrapped BiFeO3 heterostructure as a floatable, visible light-driven photocatalyst for ammonia wastewater treatment Masoud Zendehzaban1,2, Mohsen Ashjari1,3,*
, Shahram Sharifnia4
, and Hamed Bananifard3
1
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Kashan, 87317-53153 Kashan, Iran Process Engineering, Technical Services, Kermanshah Petrochemical Industries Company (KPIC), Kermanshah, Iran 3 Nanostructures and Biopolymers Research Lab, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Kashan, 87317-53153 Kashan, Iran 4 Catalyst Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Razi University, 67149-67246 Kermanshah, Iran 2
Received: 22 May 2020
ABSTRACT
Accepted: 5 October 2020
Inorganic/organic photocatalysts have been receiving attention owing to their attractive optical features. In this work, novel BiFeO3/MPVAA heterogeneous photocatalyst was prepared and its potential application as a floatable, visible light-driven photocatalyst was investigated by the photocatalytic degradation of aqueous ammonia. MPVAA refers to a buoyant polymer structure consisting of PVA and sodium alginate that has photocatalytic property. BiFeO3 was synthesized hydrothermally and immobilized over MPVAA by impregnation. The density of MPVAA was measured by a multipycnometer to be 0.92 g/cm3, which is less than that of water. FE-SEM images showed that the microcube particles of BiFeO3 were wrapped by the porous polymer structure. The optical characterization analyses revealed the enhanced visible light harvesting and effective suppressed charge recombination by BiFeO3/MPVAA. The best photocatalytic ammonia degradation was obtained to be 45% under visible light irradiation by 10 wt% BiFeO3/MPVAA. The kinetic study indicated that the photocatalytic performances of all BiFeO3, MPVAA and BiFeO3 samples follow the Langmuir–Hinshelwood model with zero-order reaction rates. The scavenging experiments were done using IPA, BQ and EDTA and the results showed the dominancy of photoexcited holes and hydroxyl radicals as the active species responsible for ammonia degradation.
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Springer Science+Business
Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-020-04615-w
J Mater Sci: Mater Electron
1 Introduction Industrial ammonia effluent is one of the most dangerous contaminants that results in less production and growth or even bases aquatic organisms to die [1]. Therefore, environmental investigators cannot look for a suitable method for ammonia effluent treatment. In the past few decades, photocatalysis has been careful as a desirable and reliable improvement strategy for the destruction of ammonia wastewater. Using photocatalysis, ammonia effluent can be degradation to N2, H2 and low concentrations of NO2 and NO3 [2, 3]. From the perspective of practical engineering applications, one of the main obstacles of heterogeneous photocatalysis processes, especially in wastewater treatm
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