• PDF / 823,329 Bytes
• 7 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
• 96 Downloads / 229 Views

DOWNLOAD

REPORT

---

Carbon nanotubes, orange dye, and graphene powder based multifunctional temperature, pressure, and displacement sensors Shahid Shafique1 · Khasan S. Karimov2,3 · Muhammad Abid4 · Muhammad Mansoor Ahmed1 · Khakim M. Akhmedov3 · Aziz‑ur‑Rehman2 Received: 2 December 2019 / Accepted: 14 April 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020

Abstract This work presents design, fabrication, and investigation of carbon nanotube (CNT), orange dye (OD), and graphene powder based multifunctional sensors. The output of the multifunctional sensors is observed as change in resistance and impedance values for an input change in temperature, pressure, and compressive displacement between the sensors electrodes. Using these sensors, temperature variation ranging from 30 to 65◦ C , pressure 0 to 0.1 kgf cm−2 and longitudinal compressive displacements of 0 to 110 μm are measured as change in resistance and impedance at two fixed frequencies, i.e., 100 Hz and 100 KHz. An increase in both resistance and impedance of the sensors is observed with increase in temperature. The temperature coefficients of the sensors having resistances ∼ 470 Ω and ∼ 890 Ω were 1.0% ◦ C−1 and 1.9% ◦ C−1 , respectively, when evaluated for temperatures ranging from 30 to 65◦ C . For applied pressure 0 kgf cm−2 to 0.1 kgf cm−2 and displacement 0 to 110 μm the resistance of the multifunctional sensor decreases 1.3 to + 12.7 times (from 6730 Ω to 5210 Ω and 3410 Ω to 269 Ω ) and 3.18 to 7.53 times (2235 Ω to 702 Ω and 6787 Ω to 901 Ω ), respectively. With increased thickness of OD layer from 300 μm to 570 μm , the output resistance and impedance of the sensors as a function of temperature also increased, exhibiting the improved sensitivity, however, at the expense of decreased pressure and displacement response of the sensors. Therefore, the thickness of OD film can be used as a design parameter for a desired sensitivity value to cater a particular application. The proposed multifunctional sensor can be a good candidate to measure temperature, pressure, and displacement of an industrial unit, such as flex bonding head because it offers light weight, simpler design, low maintenance, and eventually low cost.

1 Introduction Multifunctional sensors unlike ordinary sensors, can measure a number of parameters such as temperature, humidity, strain, displacement, that are important for both research and industrial applications. For the past few years, a number of sensors, which can be used in different areas of technology such as environmental assessments were fabricated and * Shahid Shafique [email protected] 1



Capital University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan

2



GIK Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Topi 23640, Swabi, Pakistan

3

Center for Innovative Development of Science and New Technologies of Academy of Sciences, Rudaki Ave.33, Dushanbe 734025, Republic of Tajikistan

4

Interdisciplinary Research Center, COMSATS University Islamabad, GT Road, Wah Cantt, Pakistan





investigated by var