Carbon sink potential and allocation in above- and below-ground biomass in willow coppice
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Carbon sink potential and allocation in above‑ and below‑ground biomass in willow coppice Marcin Pietrzykowski1 · Bartłomiej Woś1 · Paweł Tylek2 · Dariusz Kwaśniewski3 · Tadeusz Juliszewski4 · Józef Walczyk2 · Justyna Likus‑Cieślik1 · Wojciech Ochał5 · Sylwester Tabor3
Received: 7 September 2017 / Accepted: 23 November 2017 © Northeast Forestry University 2020
Abstract This research estimates carbon sink and allocation in above- and below-ground biomass of a 12-year-old willow coppice plantation on fluvisol soil near the Vistula River (southern Poland). The plantation showed high C sink potential and sequestration rates. C sequestration by aboveground biomass was estimated at 10.8 Mg C ha−1 a−1. Accumulation in coarse roots was estimated at 1.5 Mg C ha−1 a−1 and in fine roots at 1.2 Mg C ha−1 a−1. Total C sequestered (above-ground biomass, coarse roots and fine roots) was estimated at 13.5 Mg C h a−1 a−1. These results confirm the potential of fast-growing plantations of willow to mitigate, over a short time span, the effects of high CO2 concentrations. Keywords Willow coppice · Biomass · Roots · Carbon sequestration Project funding: The project was fully funded by The National Centre for Research and Development, Poland (Project No. PBS2/A8/26/2014). The online version is available at http://www.springerlink.com
Introduction A large share of annual anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, estimated at 12–25%, is attributed to global deforestation. However, increasing forested areas has a positive effect on carbon (C) sequestration. The mitigation of high atmospheric CO2 concentrations could be brought about by fast-growing tree species such as willow (Grogan and Matthews 2002; Heller et al. 2003; Rytter 2012). Shortrotation coppice willow is of considerable interest, not only as a source of biomass for fuel but also as a carbon sink. Willows (Salix spp.) are cultivated in many countries of Europe, and its biomass is a substitute for conventional energy sources such as coal and natural gas (Grogan and Matthews 2002; Fischer et al. 2005; Rytter 2012). There is increasing interest in energy crops in Poland. The production and harvesting of the biomass of fast-growing species, following the global trend, is being promoted as a new direction for agricultural production (Ericsson et al. 2006; Stolarski et al. 2008; Igliński et al. 2011; Krasuska and Rosenqvist 2012). The most common energy crop in Poland is the basket willow (Salix viminalis L.). In 2009, the area of
Corresponding editor: Zhu Hong. * Bartłomiej Woś [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Department of Ecology and Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. 29 Listopada 46, 31‑425 Kraków, Poland
2
Department of Forest Work Mechanization, Faculty of Forestry, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. 29 Listopada 46, 31‑425 Kraków, Poland
3
Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Informatics, Faculty of Production and Power Engineering, University of Agriculture in Krakow, ul. Balicka 11
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