Catalytic activity of nanostructured plate-type Cu-based on ZnO nanorods promoted by additive metals for oxidative steam
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Catalytic activity of nanostructured plate-type Cu-based on ZnO nanorods promoted by additive metals for oxidative steam reforming of methanol Chien-Cheng Li1, Ran-Jin Lin2, Hong-Ping Lin3, Li-Chyong Chen1 and Kuei-Hsien Chen4 1 Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan 2 Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan 3 Sing-Fu consulting Co. Ltd., Ping-Dong 900, Taiwan 4 Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan ABSTRACT The Cu-based film catalysts with various additive metals have been successfully prepared by the electroless plating on ZnO nanorods/stainless steel substrates. The microstructure features of the Cu-based films are highly porous and composed of plate-type grains. The addition of zirconium, aluminum, and iron into Cu-based film catalyst can improve the activity and the stability of the film catalysts. The catalytic durability of the Cu-based film catalysts has also been improved by addition of Zr, Al, and Fe into Cu-based films. This is attributed to the formation of the stable ZrO2, Al2O3, and Fe2O3 nanoparticles with good dispersion in the films. INTRODUCTION Proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) have potential as clean and highperformance power sources for portable electronic devices. The electrical energy was generated using concentrated hydrogen produced by steam reforming of methanol (SRM) [1-3]. Since hydrogen gas is inconvenient for transport and storage, increasing attention worldwide has been paid to onside or onboard hydrogen from hydrocarbon fuels. Steam reforming of methanol is a promising route to produce hydrogen and thus an attractive power source for portable or onboard devices [1-5]. Cu-based materials have been identified as outstandingly effective for SRM. However, traditional CuO/ZnO-based or CuO/ZnO/Al2O3-based catalysts have low thermal and durability above 300 ºC. Therefore, the development of stable catalysts with high activity and selectivity is required. The activity and durability of the Cu-based catalysts are strongly related to the additive metals, dispersion of Cu, surface area, composition, microstructure of the catalysts, and methods of catalyst preparation [1-7]. In this study, plate-type Cu-based film catalysts with various additive metals have been successfully prepared by electroless plating on ZnO nanorods (NRs)/stainless steel substrates. The detailed results about the synergistic effects between Cu and Zr, Al, Fe, Ni, and Ga of the Cu-based film catalysts on their activity and durability in steam reforming of methanol were investigated. EXPERIMENT The ZnO NRs, used as a supports for the Cu-based film catalysts, were grown on stainless steel substrate by an electrodeposition process. The aqueous plating solution was composed of 0.05 M Zn(NO3)2, 0.07 M ethylenediamine (EDA), and 0.05 M NH4-Ac. The depositions were
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carried out in a glass cell, immersed in a water bath at 70 ºC. A three-electrode configuration was used. A stainless steel gr
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