Catalytic Processes for Biomass-Derived Platform Molecules Valorisation
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Catalytic Processes for Biomass‑Derived Platform Molecules Valorisation María Ventura1 · Alberto Marinas2 · Marcelo E. Domine3
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Nowadays, biomass is an interesting raw material for chemical industry, and the valorisation of its derivatives becomes in a sustainable alternative against to the depletion of fossil sources necessary for the production of energy, fuels and chemicals. Different organic compounds, such as sugars, polyols, furanics, as well as several acids (i.e. levulinic acid, succinic acid, itaconic acid, 3-hydroxy-propionic acid, among others) can be obtained after a primary treatment of the lignocellulosictype biomass. These bio-derived molecules can be used as “platform chemicals” for the synthesis of numerous chemical products (i.e. components and additives for fuels, solvents and paintings, new monomers for polymer industry, etc.). In this review, the possibilities of valorisation via novel catalytic processes of some of the most promising biomass(cellulose/ hemicellulose)-derived intermediates and platform chemicals for obtaining both conventional and new high added-value chemicals for industry will be assessed, also including cascade-type (or “one-pot”) catalytic processes recently developed. Keywords Biomass · Platform molecules · Catalysis · One-pot processes · Green chemistry
1 Introduction The general interest in the use of biomass and bio-derived molecules as raw materials for chemical industry is growing up day by day. Biomass is together with CO2 one of the primary and renewable source of carbon, and the valorisation of its derivatives becomes in a sustainable alternative against to the evident and constant depletion of fossil sources necessary for the production of energy, fuels and chemicals [1–4]. In this context, biorefineries are the most promising way to create a new industry based on the use of biomass for obtaining different products in a combinative
* Marcelo E. Domine [email protected] 1
Department of Chemical and Environmental Technology, ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, 28933 Madrid, Spain
2
Organic Chemistry Department, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Marie Curie Building, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
3
Instituto de Tecnología Química, ITQ (UPV‑CSIC), Universitat Politècnica de València, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avda. Los Naranjos S/N, Valencia, Spain
and sustainable manner [5]. The transformation of renewable sources into high added-value products in a sustainable biorefinery scheme implies that the overall process is efficient and environmentally friendly through the integration of different processes allowing valorising different biological wastes with reduction of energy usage, raw materials consumption, wastes production and greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions [6]. Different biological wastes, such as agricultural, municipal and industrial residues can be used as renewable sources in biorefineries. Particularly, lign
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