Causes of respiratory ailments in pregnancy
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EURoPEan JoURnaL oF MEdIcaL RESEaRcH
Eur J Med Res (2010) 15(Suppl. II): 189-192
189 © I. Holzapfel Publishers 2010
caUSES oF RESPIRatoRy aILMEntS In PREgnancy t. Sroczynski1, a. gawlikowska-Sroka2, E. dzieciolowska-Baran2, I. Poziomkowska-gesicka3 1department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; 2department of normal and clinical anatomy, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; 3department of clinical allergology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
Abstract Objective: during pregnancy, especially during its third trimester, most pregnant women reported respiratory discomfort (dyspnea), despite the absence of previously coexisting respiratory illnesses. the aim of this study was to determine the reason for this discomfort. Material and methods: the study included 24 women examined before and after childbirth. Evaluation of respiratory complains was made on the basis of the respiratory questionnaire of St. george’s Hospital. the data were correlated with the results of static and dynamic spirometric tests performed before and after childbirth. Results: Pregnancy did not affect vital capacity (Vc). Frequency of perceived symptoms correlated positively with IRV and the ratio Ic/Vc. a negative correlation was found between ERV and its derivative ERV/Vc. there was no relationship between perceived discomfort and parameters of the flow-volume loop. Conclusions: the extent of perceived respiratory discomfort (dyspnea) during pregnancy was primarily associated with a reduction in expiratory reserve (ERV). Key words: pregnancy, respiratory symptoms, spirometry
IntRodUctIon Pregnancy affects the physiology of respiration by changing the parameters of the chest, and the course of diseases of the respiratory system [1-4]. Most pregnant women report periodically occurring breathing difficulties and even dyspneic symptoms, despite the lack of previously recorded or co-existing with pregnancy respiratory illnesses. these problems may result from hypoxia, changes in respiratory mechanics [5-7] and the sensitivity of the respiratory complex of the brain stem [8, 9]. the mechanics of respiration, dependent on the function of respiratory muscle, are significantly affected by the quality of nutrition [10, 11]. Pregnant women usually breathe slower and deeper in relation to non-pregnant ones, using, during their quiet breathing, some part of the expiratory reserve volume. natural myorelaxant factors, acting on bronchi, increase the tendency of the airway to collapse, elevating closing volume [7]. these phenomena may decrease the oxygen saturation in the plasma of blood and thus
elicit the perception of dyspnea. Symptoms of respiratory discomfort may, therefore, result from changes in both respiratory mechanics and the tone of bronchi resulting from the action of gestational hormones and other factors observed during pregnancy. the aim of this study was to determine the reasons for respiratory complaints in pregnancy.
MatERIaL and MEtHodS the study was performed in accord with the
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