Challenges in semileptonic $${\varvec{B}}$$ B decays
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Review
Challenges in semileptonic B decays P. Gambino1,a , A. S. Kronfeld2 , M. Rotondo3 , C. Schwanda4 , F. Bernlochner5 , A. Bharucha6 , C. Bozzi7 , M. Calvi8 , L. Cao5 , G. Ciezarek9 , C. T. H. Davies10 , A. X. El-Khadra11 , S. Hashimoto12 , M. Jung1, A. Khodjamirian13 , Z. Ligeti14 , E. Lunghi15 , V. Lüth16 , T. Mannel13 , S. Meinel17 , G. Paz18 , S. Schacht1,19 , S. Simula20 , W. Sutcliffe5 , A. Vaquero Avilés-Casco21 1
Physics Department, University of Turin and INFN Sezione di Torino, 10125 Turin, Italy Theoretical Physics Department, Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510-5011, USA 3 Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, INFN, 00044 Frascati, RM, Italy 4 Institut für Hochenergiephysik, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1050 Wien, Austria 5 Physikalisches Institut der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany 6 Aix Marseille Univ, Université de Toulon, CNRS, CPT, Marseille, France 7 INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy 8 University of Milano Bicocca and INFN, Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy 9 European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland 10 SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK 11 Department of Physics, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA 12 Theory Center, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), School of High Energy Accelerator Science (SOKENDAI), Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan 13 Theoretische Physik 1, Naturwissenschaftlich-Technische Fakultät, Universität Siegen, 57068 Siegen, Germany 14 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA 15 Physics Department, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA 16 SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, CA 94309, USA 17 Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA 18 Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA 19 Department of Physics, LEPP, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA 20 INFN, Sezione di Roma Tre, Rome, Italy 21 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA 2
Received: 11 June 2020 / Accepted: 16 September 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Two of the elements of the Cabibbo–Kobayashi– Maskawa quark mixing matrix, |Vub | and |Vcb |, are extracted from semileptonic B decays. The results of the B factories, analysed in the light of the most recent theoretical calculations, remain puzzling, because for both |Vub | and |Vcb | the exclusive and inclusive determinations are in clear tension. Further, measurements in the τ channels at Belle, Babar, and LHCb show discrepancies with the Standard Model predictions, pointing to a possible violation of lepton flavor universality. LHCb and Belle II have the potential to resolve these issues in the next few years. This article summarizes the discussions and results obtained at the MITP workshop held on April 9–13, 2018, in Mainz, Germany, with the goal to develop a medium-term strategy of analyses and calculations aimed at solving the puzzles. Lattice
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