Changes of Resting Energy Expenditure in Type 2 Diabetes Rats After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass
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ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTIONS
Changes of Resting Energy Expenditure in Type 2 Diabetes Rats After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Weijie Chen 1 & Haixin Yin 1 & Ning Zhang 1 & Wei Liu 1 & Qiang Qu 1 & Jianchun Xiao 1 & Fengying Gong 2 & Xiaodong He 1
# Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Background This study aimed to investigate the changes of resting energy expenditure (REE) induced by Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) in diabetic rats. Methods Thirty male Goto-Kakizaki rats were randomly divided into RYGB, sham RYGB (SR), and control groups. Glucose metabolism, energy expenditure, triiodothyronine, and bile acid levels were measured. Body composition in different groups was compared after sacrifice. Results RYGB induced significant diabetic improvement, with decreased maximum food intake and body weight. There was no significant difference in the REE between the groups before surgery (P = 0.74), while the REE of the RYGB group (1.15 ± 0.17 ml/ h/g) was higher than that of the SR group (0.99 ± 0.13 ml/h/g) and the control group (0.97 ± 0.13 ml/h/g, P = 0.031) at the 20th postoperative week. The ratio of white adipose tissue in the RYGB group was lower (P = 0.02), and the ratio of brown adipose tissue was higher than that of the SR group and the control group (P = 0.045). Moreover, a higher bile acid level was detected in the RYGB group (6.4 ± 1.8 μmol/L) than in the SR group (4.2 ± 1.7 μmol/L) and the control group (4.0 ± 2.0 μmol/L, P = 0.025). Conclusions RYGB induces a higher REE level in diabetic rats. The circulating bile acid level was enhanced after surgery. Keywords Type 2 diabetes mellitus . Bariatric surgery . Roux-en-Y gastric bypass . Bile acid
Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disease with potentially severe medical and socioeconomic effects [1]. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), as a kind of bariatric surgery, induces profound and long-lasting obesity reduction and T2DM improvement [2]. RYGB has also been proposed as a therapy for T2DM resolution, even in patients with low body mass index (BMI, 25–35 kg/m2) [3]. Various mechanisms have been proposed to explain T2DM remission after RYGB surgery. The surgery causes rapid delivery of nutrients to the distal intestine, which increases the * Xiaodong He [email protected] 1
Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shuaifuyuan 1#, Beijing 100730, People’s Republic of China
2
Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of the Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shuaifuyuan 1#, Beijing 100730, People’s Republic of China
production of satiety hormones, as well as the production of bile acids [4, 5]. Gastrointestinal reconstruction and hormonal changes decrease energy intake, increase sympathetic nerve stimulation of peripheral tissues, and reduce body and fat weight [6]. The active metabolic model, causing a negative energy balance, consequently reduces ob
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