Characteristics of Liparis loeselii (L.) Rich. populations in selected Natura 2000 areas in eastern Poland
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Characteristics of Liparis loeselii (L.) Rich. populations in selected Natura 2000 areas in eastern Poland Danuta Urban & Joanna Sender & Ewelina Tokarz & Andrzej Różycki
Received: 12 July 2019 / Revised: 13 May 2020 / Accepted: 11 July 2020 # The Author(s) 2020
Abstract In view of the sensitivity of Liparis loeselii to changes in habitat conditions, we carried out a study with the aim to monitor population numbers, identify the individual features of the Liparis loeselii population, analyse habitat conditions, identify threats and propose conservation measures to preserve the species. The investigations were conducted in seven unmanaged objects located in three Natura 2000 areas in eastern Poland. The results of this study provide a new insight into Liparis loeselii ecology. The analysed populations inhabited some habitat types: extremely poor fen, transitional mire, rich fen, calcareous fen, spring-fed fen. The content of nutrients was similar in all the habitats. A D. Urban : E. Tokarz Instytute of Soil Science and Environmental Engineering and Management, Department of Biological Bases of Forestry, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Leszczyńskiego 7, 20-069 Lublin, Poland
D. Urban e-mail: [email protected] E. Tokarz e-mail: [email protected] J. Sender (*) Department of Hydrobiology and Protection of Ecosystems, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Dobrzańskiego 37 Street, 20-212 Lublin, Poland e-mail: [email protected] A. Różycki Polesie National Park, Lubelska 3a, 22-234 Urszulin, Poland e-mail: [email protected]
CCA analysis revealed that the total carbon content, pH, and redox potential of the substrate determine differences between the habitats analysed. Juvenile individuals represented a maximum of 12% of the analysed populations and were the least abundant group of these plants. The flowering was primarily influenced by hydrological conditions. Based on the long-term observations reported in this article, it can be assumed that the species stands a chance of surviving at the localities analysed, provided that the habitat conditions do not change dramatically. Keywords biometric traits . Liparis loeselii . protected areas . flowering . threats . mires
Introduction Liparis loeselii (L.) Rich. (fen orchid) is one of Poland’s rarest plant species, which is why it is subject to strict species protection and requires active conservation. As specified in the Polish Red Data Book of Plants (Kaźmierczakowa and Zarzycki, 2014), the species is assigned category VU (vulnerable species threatened with extinction) and is under strict legal protection with an indication for active conservation (Regulation of the Minister of the Environment of 5, 2014). Liparis loeselii is also protected under the Berne Convention and Habitats Directive. It is a small, 5- to 20-cm high green or yellowish-green perennial (bulbous geophyte). It usually has two (seldom three) opposite, broadly lanceolate or spatulate leaves. The 5- to 20-cm long stem arises from a
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pseudo-bulb. The
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