Characterization of circular strategies to better design circular industrial systems
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Characterization of circular strategies to better design circular industrial systems Tom Bauer 1 & Peggy Zwolinski 1
2
& Nabil Nasr & Guillaume Mandil
1
Received: 16 October 2019 / Accepted: 15 April 2020/ # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract
Circular economy is an effective strategy to reduce globally the environmental impacts of our consumption society. However, the introduction of circular economy scenarios implies major changes in our consumption mode and in our industrial systems. Because of changes in the value chain, the new circular consumption and production scenarios imply new needs, new requirements and then characteristics for the production and organization of these circular offers. The aim of this paper is to present a characterization of the repurposing and upgrading strategies, in order to facilitate design activities related to new circular industrial scenarios. This paper presents the research approach used to characterise the upgrading and repurposing strategies and then the characteristics that have been established investigating academic and industrial projects using literature review and interviews. Keywords Circular economy . Remanufacturing . Repurposing . Reuse . Industrial systems
Introduction Circular economy is considered by the Europe Commission as one way to maintain ‘the value of products and materials and resources in the economy’ while making it more sustainable [1]. Moving from the traditional linear (take-make-waste) industrial model to circular economy requires the implementation of new industrial strategies, such as direct reuse or remanufacturing [2]. They play a key role in terms of economic potential (up to €90bn by 2030) and lead to environmental advantages [3]. Nevertheless, they are not always sufficient for new circular strategies. Some high-value products are discarded instead of being reused directly or remanufactured. New circular strategies, close to these two lasts, allow the
* Peggy Zwolinski peggy.zwolinski@grenoble–inp.fr
1
CNRS, Grenoble INP, Institute of Engineering Univ. Grenoble Alpes, University of Grenoble Alpes, G-SCOP, 38000 Grenoble, France
2
Golisano Institute of Sustainability, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, USA
Journal of Remanufacturing
prolongation of the lifespan of products while maintaining their added value for environmental and economic profits. We are talking about upgrading and repurposing, which start to be implemented in companies. A brief definition of each of them is given hereafter.1
Reuse (or ‘re-use’) The reuse strategy is defined by the [4] as ‘any operation by which products or components that are not waste are used again for the same purpose for which they were conceived’. We specify ‘direct reuse’ for products reused by another customer and where the process is light (cleaning and testing at the most). Remanufacturing Remanufacturing has first been defined by [5] as ‘an industrial process in which worn-out products are restored to like-new condition’ or better. This usually implies more indus
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