Chesapeake Prehistory Old Traditions, New Directions
Chesapeake Prehistory is the first book in almost a century to synthesize the archaeological record of the region offering new interpretations of prehistoric lifeways. This up-to-date work presents a new type of regional archaeology that explores contempo
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INTERDISCIPLINARY CONTRIBUTIONS TO ARCHAEOLOGY Series Editor: Michael Jochim, University of California, Santa Barbara Founding Editor: Roy S. Dickens, Jr., Lateof University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill Current Volumes in This Series: THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF GENDER Separating the Spheres in Urban America Diana diZerega Wall CHESAPEAKE PREHISTORY Old Traditions, New Directions Richard J. Dent, Jr. DIVERSITY AND COMPLEXITY IN PREHISTORIC MARITIME SOCIETIES A Gulf of Maine Perspective Bruce J. Bourque EARLY HUNTER-GATHERERS OF THE CALIFORNIA COAST Jon M. Erlandson FROM KOSTENKI TO CLOVIS Upper Paleolithic-Paleo-Indian Adaptations Edited by Olga Soffer and N. D. Praslov HOUSES AND HOUSEHOLDS A Comparative Study Richard E. Blanton ORIGINS OF ANATOMICALLY MODERN HUMANS Edited by Matthew H. Nitecki and Doris V. Nitecki PREHISTORIC CULTURAL ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION Insights from Southern Jordan Donald O. Henry PREHISTORIC EXCHANGE SYSTEMS IN NORTH AMERICA Edited by Timothy G. Baugh and Jonathon E. Ericson REGIONAL APPROACHES TO MORTUARY ANALYSIS Edited by Lane Anderson Beck STYLE, SOCIETY, AND PERSON Archaeological and Ethnological Perspectives Edited by Christopher Carr and Jill E. Neitzel A Continuation Order Plan is available for this series. A continuation order will bring delivery of each new volume immediately upon publication. Volumes are billed only upon actual shipment. For further information please contact the publisher.
Chesapeake Prehistory Old Traditions, New Directions
RICHARD J. DENT, JR. The American University Washington, D.C.
PLENUM PRESS • NEW YORK AND LONDON
Library of Congress Cataloglng-tn-PublIcation Data
Dent, Richard J. Chesapeake prehistory : old traditions, new directions / Richard J. Dent, Jr. p. ci». — (Interdtsclpl Inarv contributions to archaeology) Includes bibliographical references and Index. ISBN 0-306-45028-3 1. Indians of North America—Chesapeake Bay Region (Md. and V a . ) -Antlqultles. 2. Chesapeake Bay Region (Md. and Va.)—Antiquities. 3. Archaeology—Chesapeake Bay Region (Md. and Va.). I. Title. II. Series. E78.M3D45 1995 975.5'1801—dc20 95-11340 CIP
ISBN 0-306-45028-3
© 1995 Plenum Press, New York A Division of Plenum Publishing Corporation 233 Spring Street, New York, N. Y. 10013 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher Printed in the United States of America
To the memory of Phyllis Webster Dent
Preface This is not the first book to address Chesapeake archaeology. Just over a century ago, in 1894, William Henry Holmes completed a manuscript on the archaeology of the greater Chesapeake region. Between the covers of the Fifteenth Annual Report, Bureau of Ethnolog)/, 1893-1894, which was issued several years later in 1897, he would describe and interpret regional archaeology as it was then known. While Holmes had a number of agendas in the p
