Circadian Clock and Uptake Transporters
Transport of drugs across biological membranes is a critical step in pharmacokinetic processes. Uptake transporters are membrane proteins that mediate the transport of a large number of drugs into cells. Because of their wide tissue distribution and broad
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rcadian Pharmacokinetics
Circadian Pharmacokinetics
Baojian Wu • Danyi Lu • Dong Dong Editors
Circadian Pharmacokinetics
Editors Baojian Wu Research Center for Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmacy Jinan University Guangzhou, China
Danyi Lu Research Center for Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmacy Jinan University Guangzhou, China
Dong Dong School of Medicine Jinan University Guangzhou, China
ISBN 978-981-15-8806-8 ISBN 978-981-15-8807-5 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8807-5
(eBook)
© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licenced by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore
Preface
Pharmacokinetics deals with the in vivo fate of or disposition processes of the drug (i.e. how the body does to the drug) that determine drug exposure and therefore pharmacological effects. In general, drug molecules undergo four main disposition processes in the body, namely absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME; the so-called four components of pharmacokinetics). Pharmacokinetic study is an integral part of drug research and development because (1) pharmacokinetic data are critical in the formulation of drug dosing regimen and (2) pharmacokinetic property is a key determinant to the success of drug development. Poor pharmacokinetic property (e.g. poor absorption, fast clearance, and formation of toxic metabolite) is reported to be one of the main causes of drug attrition. It has long been recognized that dosing time accounts for variability in drug effect (up to a tenfold magnitude). Dosing-time dependency has been
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