Clinical Assessment of Child and Adolescent Intelligence
This volume – now in its second edition – has been completely updated to provide the most comprehensive and accessible handbook of practices and tools for the clinical assessment of child and adolescent intelligence. Designed specifically as a teaching to
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Clinical Assesstnent of Child and Adolescent Intelligence
Springer
To Norma, Ashley, and NatalieThanks for making life meaningful. And to all of my former assessment studentsThanks for teaching me how to teach.
Randy W. Kamphaus Professor of Educational Psychology University of Georgia Dept. of Educational Psychology 329 Aderhold Hall Athens, GA 30602 USA E-mail: [email protected]
Library of Congress Control Number: 2005927416 This book was previously published under the title Clinical Assessment of Children's Intelligence. ISBN 978-0-387-26299-4
Printed on acid-free paper.
© 2005 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.
All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, Inc., 233 Spring St., New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. (SBA)
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CONTENTS
Preface
Developmental Perspectives 52 Information Processing Theory 56 Contextual/Ecological Theories · 58 Conclusions 62 Chapter Summary 62
ix
Acknowledp;ments
xi
SECTION ONE PSYCHOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS
Chapter 3 Research Findings
Chapter 1 History Chapter Questions 1 Early History 3 The First Breakthrough 6 The Contributions of Terman 9 World Warl 11 The Second 50 Years 12 A Century of Controversy 23 Recent History 24 Conclusions 28 Chapter Summary 28
Chapter Questions 64 Stability 65 Nature versus Nurture 72 Can We "Cure" Low Intelligence? 77 Other Factors Affecting Intelligence 81 Conclusions 90 Chapter Summary 92
SECTION Two AssESSMENT FouNDATIONS
Chapter 2 Theory
Chapter4 The Assessment Process
Chapter Questions 31 Colloquial Theory 32 Binet's Rationale 33 Measurement Assumptions 33 General Intelligence Theory 35 Factor Analytic Theories 39 A Taxonomy 50 New "Factors" 51
Chapter Questions 94 The Testing Environment 96 Establishing Rapport 98 Conducting an Assessment 101 General Administration Procedures Problems in the Assessment Process Conclusions 114 Chapter Summary 114 V
106 110
vi
CONTENTS
Chapter 5 Psychometric Principles and Issues Chapter Questions 116 Measures of Central Tendency 117 Measures of Variability 117 The Normal Curve 118 Norm Referenced Scores 119 Types of Scores 119 Correlation 126 Reliability 127 Validity 131 Standardization Sampling 13 7 Why Test Scores Differ 13 8 Conclusions 141 Chapter Summary 141 Chapter6 Culture and Bias Chapter Questions 145 Test Bias and the Courts 146 The SOMPAAlternative 150 Defining the Issues 152 Scientific Studies of Bias 153 Multicultural Expert
