Clinical effectiveness of manual therapy for the management of musculoskeletal and non-musculoskeletal conditions: syste
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CHIROPRACTIC & MANUAL THERAPIES
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Open Access
Clinical effectiveness of manual therapy for the management of musculoskeletal and nonmusculoskeletal conditions: systematic review and update of UK evidence report Christine Clar1, Alexander Tsertsvadze1, Rachel Court1, Gillian Lewando Hundt2, Aileen Clarke1 and Paul Sutcliffe1*
Abstract Background: This systematic review updated and extended the “UK evidence report” by Bronfort et al. (Chiropr Osteopath 18:3, 2010) with respect to conditions/interventions that received an ‘inconclusive’ or ‘negative’ evidence rating or were not covered in the report. Methods: A literature search of more than 10 general medical and specialised databases was conducted in August 2011 and updated in March 2013. Systematic reviews, primary comparative studies and qualitative studies of patients with musculoskeletal or non-musculoskeletal conditions treated with manual therapy and reporting clinical outcomes were included. Study quality was assessed using standardised instruments, studies were summarised, and the results were compared against the evidence ratings of Bronfort. These were either confirmed, updated, or new categories not assessed by Bronfort were added. Results: 25,539 records were found; 178 new and additional studies were identified, of which 72 were systematic reviews, 96 were randomised controlled trials, and 10 were non-randomised primary studies. Most ‘inconclusive’ or ‘moderate’ evidence ratings of the UK evidence report were confirmed. Evidence ratings changed in a positive direction from inconclusive to moderate evidence ratings in only three cases (manipulation/mobilisation [with exercise] for rotator cuff disorder; spinal mobilisation for cervicogenic headache; and mobilisation for miscellaneous headache). In addition, evidence was identified on a large number of non-musculoskeletal conditions not previously considered; most of this evidence was rated as inconclusive. Conclusions: Overall, there was limited high quality evidence for the effectiveness of manual therapy. Most reviewed evidence was of low to moderate quality and inconsistent due to substantial methodological and clinical diversity. Areas requiring further research are highlighted. Keywords: Clinical effectiveness, Manual therapy, Systematic review, Musculoskeletal, Bronfort
Background Manual therapy is a non-surgical type of conservative management that includes different skilled hands/fingerson techniques directed to the patient’s body (spine and extremities) for the purpose of assessing, diagnosing, and treating a variety of symptoms and conditions [1-4]. Manual therapy constitutes a wide variety of different * Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Populations, Evidence and Technologies, Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, England Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
techniques which may be categorised into four major groups: a) manipulation (thrust manipulation), b) mobilisation
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