Clinical Neuroanatomy Brain Circuitry and Its Disorders
Connections define the functions of neurons: information flows along connections, as well as growth factors and viruses, and even neuronal death can progress through connections. Accordingly, knowing how the various parts of the brain are interconnected t
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Clinical Neuroanatomy Brain Circuitry and Its Disorders Second Edition
Clinical Neuroanatomy
Hans J. ten Donkelaar
Clinical Neuroanatomy Brain Circuitry and Its Disorders Second Edition With Contributions by Jonas Broman, Marco Catani, Ayhan Cömert, Johannes R.M. Cruysberg, Wilfred F.A. den Dunnen, Jonne Doorduin, Paul A.T.M. Eling, Yoshio Hashizume, Akira Hori, Anja K.E. Horn, Ricardo Insausti, David Kachlik, Klimitaka Kaga, Benno Küsters, Martin Lammens, Veronika Němcová, Sebastiaan Overeem, Martijn P. van den Heuvel, Ton van der Vliet, Bart van de Warrenburg, Peter van Domburg, Pieter Wesseling, Michèl Willemsen
Hans J. ten Donkelaar 935 Department of Neurology Radboud University Medical Centre and Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour Nijmegen, Gelderland, The Netherlands
ISBN 978-3-030-41877-9 ISBN 978-3-030-41878-6 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41878-6 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2011, 2020 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Illustrated by Ad Gruter (Nieuwegein, The Netherlands) Cover illustration: Lateral view of the left hemisphere of the human brain Cover desgin: deblik, Berlin This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
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Preface During the last decades, there have been tremendous technical developments to study the human central nervous system (CNS) and its connectivity. Modern imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography (PET), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional MRI (fMRI) and especially diffusion MRI (dMRI, “tractography”) have greatly improved our knowledge of the circuitry of the human CNS. Much of our knowledge of the organization of the human CNS, however, we still owe to the classic studies of Vicq d’Azyr, Edinger, Dejerine, Flechsig, Brodm
