Clinicopathological study of intraductal carcinoma of the salivary gland, with emphasis on the apocrine type
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Clinicopathological study of intraductal carcinoma of the salivary gland, with emphasis on the apocrine type Min-Shu Hsieh 1,2 & Yi-Hsuan Lee 1 & Ying-Tai Jin 3 & Ying-Ju Kuo 4,5 Received: 15 December 2019 / Revised: 27 March 2020 / Accepted: 21 April 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Intraductal carcinoma (IC) is a rare salivary gland tumor with low- to intermediate-grade cytological features. It is further classified into intercalated duct type and apocrine type based on its distinct histologic and immunohistochemical expression. Conventional salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is an aggressive carcinoma with high-grade features and is usually associated with poor prognosis. In this study, immunohistochemistry and mutation analyses (including HRAS/PIK3CA mutations, RET rearrangement, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 [HER2] amplification) of 9 ICs (including 3 pure ICs, 6 ICs with invasive carcinoma) and 24 conventional SDCs were performed and the results were compared. Four intercalated duct-type cases were positive for SOX10 and S100 and negative for AR; five apocrine-type cases showed opposite results. All five apocrine-type cases had cysts with relatively circumscribed tumor borders and morphologically mimicking breast low-grade ductal carcinoma in situ or papillary carcinoma. RET fusion is detected in half of the 4 intercalated duct-type IC but not in the apocrine-type or conventional SDC. HER2 amplification was only observed in conventional SDC. The monoclonal antibody (clone RBT-NRAS) against NRAS Q61R is a sensitive and specific marker used for detecting HRAS Q61R mutation in the salivary gland tumors. The apocrine-type IC had different cytological grades, distinct tumor growth patterns, and no evidence of low- to high-grade transition, suggesting that apocrine-type IC should be distinguished from apocrine SDC with an in situ component. Keywords Intraductal carcinoma of the salivary gland . HRAS . PIK3CA . HER2 . Salivary duct carcinoma
Introduction Intraductal carcinoma (IC) is the term used in the 2017 World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Head and Neck Tumours to describe a low-grade salivary gland tumor originally called as “low-grade salivary duct carcinoma” and later re-named by WHO 2005 as “low-grade cribriform cystadenocarcinoma” [1–3]. It is further categorized as low * Ying-Ju Kuo [email protected] 1
Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
2
Graduate Institute of Pathology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
3
Department of Pathology, Taiwan Adventist Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
4
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
5
School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
grade, intermediate grade, or high grade based on the degree of cytological atypia [1]. ICs are typically unencapsula
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