Closed-Loop Control of Blood Glucose
Diabetes is a disease that is now regarded an epidemic in the world and a sign- icant e?ort is directed towards ?nding better ways to manage diabetes. Keeping bloodglucoselevelsasclosetonormalaspossible,leadstoasubstantialdecrease in long term complicatio
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Frederick Chee, Tyrone Fernando
Closed-Loop Control of Blood Glucose
ABC
Series Advisory Board F. Allgöwer, P. Fleming, P. Kokotovic, A.B. Kurzhanski, H. Kwakernaak, A. Rantzer, J.N. Tsitsiklis
Authors Frederick Chee School of Electrical Electronic and Computer Engineering University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway Crawley, WA 6009 Australia Email: [email protected]
Tyrone Fernando School of Electrical Electronic and Computer Engineering University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway Crawley, WA 6009 Australia Email: [email protected]
Library of Congress Control Number: 2007932674 ISSN print edition: 0170-8643 ISSN electronic edition: 1610-7411 ISBN-10 3-540-74030-9 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York ISBN-13 978-3-540-74030-8 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law. Springer is a part of Springer Science+Business Media springer.com c Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007 The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Typesetting: by the authors and SPS using a Springer LATEX macro package Printed on acid-free paper
SPIN: 12077946
89/SPS
543210
To Jehovah God, my parents and siblings Frederick To my wife Yasmin and two daughters Melissa and Rochelle Tyrone
Preface
Diabetes is a disease that is now regarded an epidemic in the world and a significant effort is directed towards finding better ways to manage diabetes. Keeping blood glucose levels as close to normal as possible, leads to a substantial decrease in long term complications of diabetes and can bring significant cost reductions associated with the disease. Traditionally, managing diabetes has been through intermittent monitoring of blood glucose and then administering an appropriate dose of insulin into the blood stream. This method of intermittent monitoring and administration of insulin cannot ensure blood glucose remains at near normal levels at all times and therefore, there is considerable interest in managing diabetes on a continuous basis. The development of artificial organs/apparatus that regulate human’s blood glucose level has been in progress since 1960. The aim was to measure blood glucose level ex vivo and then injecting an appropriate amount of insulin to the hyperglycaemic patient, thereby correcting the high glucose level.
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