Co-located (multi-user) virtual rehabilitation of acquired brain injury: feasibility of the Resonance system for upper-l
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Co‑located (multi‑user) virtual rehabilitation of acquired brain injury: feasibility of the Resonance system for upper‑limb training Jeffrey M. Rogers1 · Nick Mumford2,3 · Karen Caeyenberghs4 · Hannah Richards2,3 · Nienke Nuijen5 · Bert Steenbergen3,5 · Gavin Williams6,7 · David H. K. Shum8,9,10 · Jonathan Duckworth11 · Natalie Amos2,3 · Peter H. Wilson2,3,12 Received: 8 March 2020 / Accepted: 5 November 2020 © Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Upper-limb virtual rehabilitation (VR) in adult acquired brain injury (ABI) is based largely on systems administered on a one-to-one basis. Multi-user interaction between co-located participants may offer advantages over single-user methods. The present study examined the feasibility of deploying a co-located VR system (Resonance) in a clinical setting. Following a baselining period, 5 patients with ABI completed 12 Resonance sessions over 4–6 weeks. Feasibility criteria included recruitment, intervention delivery, attrition, user experience, and suitability of outcome measures. Individual participant motor proficiency (box and blocks task) was examined using a time-series analysis with reliable change indices and curve fitting. All feasibility criteria were satisfied, with positive reports of user experience. Repeated collection of outcome measures was successfully integrated into the training schedule. Time-series analysis was successfully conducted, providing a detailed account of individual training-related change. Within a clinical setting, it was feasible to deliver Resonance and regularly monitor motor function. User feedback regarding the co-located VR intervention was generally positive, but expectations regarding the level of immersion may need to be managed. Individual time-series analysis is recommended as an adjunct to group-based analysis in future VR research. These findings can inform the design of a clinical trial. Keywords Brain injury · Group therapy · Rehabilitation · Time-series analysis · Upper limb · Virtual reality
* Peter H. Wilson [email protected] 1
Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
2
School of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, Australia
3
Centre for Disability and Development Research (CeDDR), ACU, Fitzroy, Australia
4
Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
5
Behavioral Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
6
Epworth Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
7
Physiotherapy Department, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
8
Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
9
Menzies Health Institute Queensland and School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
10
Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory and Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, Chin
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