Coating mortars based on mining and industrial residues
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Coating mortars based on mining and industrial residues Júlia Castro Mendes1 · Rodrigo Rony Barreto1 · Vanessa de Freitas Vilaça2 · Amanda Vitor Lopes2 · Henor Artur de Souza3 · Ricardo André Fiorotti Peixoto1 Received: 3 September 2019 / Accepted: 30 April 2020 © Springer Japan KK, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The present work assesses the feasibility of using mining and industrial residues as aggregates of coating mortars in terms of building thermal performance. For this purpose, we investigated four types of aggregates (river sand—REF, iron ore tailings—IOT, friable quartzite—QTZ, and steelmaking slag—SLG). Initially, the specific gravity (density) and thermal conductivity of the residue-based mortars were experimentally obtained. Subsequently, a sensitivity analysis was performed through energy simulations of two existing dwellings. Mortars with SLG and IOT presented the best performance due to their low thermal conductivity and, more importantly, their high density. Mortars with SLG presented 64% of thermal performance classifications as “superior” and “intermediate”, versus an average of 53% for the other aggregates. They were followed by those with IOT, REF and lastly those with QTZ. Therefore, these mortars are cost-effective and sustainable solutions to passively improve the thermal performance of buildings, as well as to mitigate the impacts of the disposal of these residues. Keywords Reuse of residues · Passive strategies · Sensitivity analysis · Thermal performance · Energy-efficient design · Energy simulation
Introduction The building envelope, or fabric, is one of the most critical systems affecting the energy-efficiency of a building [1–3]. In the past few decades, several promising envelope construction technologies have become available. Still, one of the main presumed issues regarding energy-efficient design is the rise in construction costs. At the same time, due to urbanisation and growing population, the demand for natural resources increases worldwide. Billions of tons of mining tailings and industrial wastes are thus generated and disposed of every year, at high environmental and social costs [4–6].
* Júlia Castro Mendes [email protected] 1
Laboratório de Materiais de Construção Civil, Department of Civil Engineering, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto, MG 35400‑000, Brazil
2
Department of Architecture and Urban Planning, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
3
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
In this scenario, the use of residues as construction materials implies not only a significant reduction in the embodied energy of a building [7]; it also mitigates the consumption of natural resources. Additionally, this practice has the potential to reduce the construction costs [8] and often improve the technical properties of cement-based composites [9, 10]. As example, iron ore tailings obtained from tailings dams were studied b
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