Coexistence of a rare type of ectopic kidney with atypical renal vasculature
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CASE REPORT
Coexistence of a rare type of ectopic kidney with atypical renal vasculature Anna Waśniewska1 · Piotr Bukowski1 · Rafał Szymański3 · Andrzej Januszewicz4 · Łukasz Olewnik2 Received: 7 August 2020 / Accepted: 16 October 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Knowledge of anatomical anomalies is significant for all specialists in clinical practice and may prevent serious complications following medical procedures. This report presents the rare crossed fused renal ectopia (CFRE) with atypical renal vasculature in cadaver of a 68-year-old man. The ectopic kidney was located on right side with four renal veins, three renal arteries, two ureters, where one of them is double. The embryological background, as well as the potential clinical significance of this morphological variation, is discussed. An interventional radiological and surgical procedure should be appropriately implemented to treat anomalies of vessels and CFRE. Keywords Crossed fused renal ectopia · Crossed renal ectopia · Renal ectopia · Renal fusion · Renal artery · Renal vein · Vascularization
Introduction Renal fusion and renal ectopia are congenital abnormalities, and caused disruption of embryological migration of kidney from the pelvic to the renal fossa.(van den Bosch et al. 2010; Rosenthal et al. 2016) Simple renal ectopia occurs when a kidney did not ascend to the renal fossa during embryogenesis and remained in pelvic or other localization. A condition in which a kidney crossed over the midline and is situated contralaterally to its usual localisation is called crossed renal ectopia (CRE). CRE might be with or without kidney fusion. CRE without fusion is an extremely rare abnormality. (van den Bosch et al. 2010; Akdogan et al. 2015) Renal fusion abnormalities occur more frequently in males. * Anna Waśniewska [email protected] 1
Department of Normal and Clinical Anatomy, Interfaculty Chair of Anatomy and Histology, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego 7/9, 90‑752 Łódź, Poland
2
Department of Anatomical Dissection and Donation, Chair of Anatomy and Histology, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
3
Department of Histology, Chair of Anatomy and Histology, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
4
Department of Hypertension, Institute of Cardiology,, Warsaw, Poland
(Akdogan et al. 2015; Babu et al. 2015; Shambharkar et al. 2018) Most patients with this anomaly are asymptomatic and diagnosed accidentally during autopsy, radiological or surgical investigation. (Decter 1997; Rosenthal et al. 2016; Shambharkar et al. 2018) Nevertheless, renal fusion or renal ectopia accompany abnormalities of skeletal, genitourinary, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal systems. (Türkvatan et al. 2009; Loganathan and Bal 2019) These anomalies, especially vessel anomalies, may contribute to complications during surgeries and interventional procedures. (Devirgilio et al. 1995; Taghavi et al. 2016; Loganathan and Bal 2019) This report presents a rare case of right-sided crossed fused renal ectopia (CFRE) with atypical vessel for
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