Collaborative Broker for Distributed Energy Resources
In this work it is proposed the design of a system to handle Distributed Energy Resources (DER), which is a new reality due to Electric Vehicles (EVs), Microgeneration (MG) and the open Electrical Markets (EM). This upcoming reality brings the need of the
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Collaborative Broker for Distributed Energy Resources Joa˜o Carlos Ferreira, Alberto Rodrigues da Silva, Vı´tor Monteiro, and Joa˜o L. Afonso
Abstract In this work it is proposed the design of a system to handle Distributed Energy Resources (DER), which is a new reality due to Electric Vehicles (EVs), Microgeneration (MG) and the open Electrical Markets (EM). This upcoming reality brings the need of the ‘old’ central energy control to be installed locally. For that we propose a local energy broker, responsible to handle local energy flow and to exchange energy with ‘big’ market players, and based on a collaborative approach, to promote user’s participation to increase systems knowledge. The energy broker uses an Information Communication Technology (ICT) network to establish a collaborative communication between the involved parts. Keywords Distributed energy resources • Data mining • Collaborative broker • Electric vehicles • Energy market • Smart grids • Vehicle-to-grid • Microgeneration
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Introduction
New paradigms are emerging, like the Electric Vehicles (EVs), the Microgeneration (MG) and Smart Grids (SG), where there will be a large number of small energy producers. In this context, the Electrical Market (EM) will be the consequence of the deregulation in the use and in the production of electricity,
J.C. Ferreira (*) ADDETC – ISEL, 1900-049 Lisbon, Portugal e-mail: [email protected] A.R. da Silva DEI-IST and INESC-ID, 1000-029 Lisbon, Portugal e-mail: [email protected] V. Monteiro • J.L. Afonso DEI-Centro Algoritmi – Univ. Minho, 4800 Guimara˜es, Portugal e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] A. Madureira et al. (eds.), Computational Intelligence and Decision Making: Trends and 365 Applications, Intelligent Systems, Control and Automation: Science and Engineering 61, DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-4722-7_34, # Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2013
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where power suppliers and consumers are free to negotiate the terms of their contracts. Also the EVs integration on current electrical distribution network, without violating the system’s technical restrictions, requires electrical data consumption analysis and smart charging approaches, where the EVs batteries charging or discharging processes needs to be coordinated among the several users, and EV can play an important role in the MG, because they are able to store production excess and deliver energy in the peak of consumption. In this complex scenario, there is a need of an information system to handle electricity change, determine profits or values to pay and help the users on this process. Because there is a common goal (EM participation), the proposed system can benefit from user participation and users community (where users with similar profiles can be identified). These subjects converge under the name of DER (Distributed Energy Resources) as part of an intelligent power system to construct a hybrid, fundamentally different architecture for an Information and Communication Technology (ICT) n
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