Colorimetric determination of the activity of alkaline phosphatase by exploiting the oxidase-like activity of palladium
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Colorimetric determination of the activity of alkaline phosphatase by exploiting the oxidase-like activity of palladium cube@CeO2 core-shell nanoparticles Jiawei Wang 1 & Pengjuan Ni 1 & Chuanxia Chen 1 & Yuanyuan Jiang 1 & Chenghui Zhang 1 & Bo Wang 1 & Bingqiang Cao 2 & Yizhong Lu 1 Received: 29 July 2019 / Accepted: 6 December 2019 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Core-shell palladium cube@CeO2 (Pd cube@CeO2) nanoparticles are shown to display oxidase-like activity. This is exploited in a method for determination of the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP). The Pd cube@CeO2 nanoparticles were thermally synthesized from Ce(NO3)3, L-arginine and preformed Pd cube seeds in water. The Pd cube@CeO2 nanoparticles catalyze the oxidation of 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) by oxygen. This results in the formation of oxidized TMB (oxTMB) with an absorption peak at 652 nm. Ascorbic acid (AA) is generated from the hydrolysis of L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate (AAP) catalyzed by ALP. It can reduce oxTMB to TMB, and this results in a decrease of the absorbance. The method allows for quantitative determination of the activity of ALP in the range from 0.1 to 4.0 U·L−1 and with a detection limit down to 0.07 U·L−1. Endowed with high sensitivity and selectivity, the assay can quantify ALP activity in biological system with satisfactory results. Keywords Alkaline phosphatase . Ascorbic acid . Cerium oxide . Pd cube . 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine . Oxidase mimic . Colorimetric assay . Ascorbic acid 2-phosphate . Nanozyme
Introduction Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) plays a key role in catalytic dephosphorilation [1]. ALP promotes the hydrolysis of monoester phosphates, which is capable of producing phosphates and products containing free hydroxy groups [2]. ALP plays an important role in signal transduction and
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-019-4070-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Pengjuan Ni [email protected] * Yuanyuan Jiang [email protected] * Yizhong Lu [email protected] 1
School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
2
Department of Physics and Institute of Laser, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
regulation of intracellular processes [3, 4]. Many methods have been reported for ALP detection, including electrochemistry [5], colorimtry [6], electrochemiluminescence [7], fluorimetry [8] and surface enhanced Raman scattering [9]. Colorimetry has become the preferred method for clinical applications due to its simplicity, readability, low cost, fast response and high throughput [10]. The most widely used colorimetric assay for ALP activity detection is based on the conversion of colorless p-nitrophenylphosphate (pNPP) to yellow pnitrophenol. The method is simple and effective, which has been considered as a standard method for ALP activity monitoring. However, pNPP is very sensitive to light and is p
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