Combined features for steganalysis against PU partition mode-based steganography in HEVC
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Combined features for steganalysis against PU partition mode-based steganography in HEVC Kuan Huang1 · Tanfeng Sun1
· Xinghao Jiang1 · Yi Dong1 · Qianan Fang1
Received: 28 August 2019 / Revised: 26 May 2020 / Accepted: 28 July 2020 / © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Many innovation modules introduced by High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) are remaining unexplored in the steganography domain. In this paper, a novel steganalytic approach is proposed against the PU partition mode-based steganographic methods which makes use of some innovative features in HEVC. Firstly, the influence of multilevel information embedding on the group proportion and the group proportion difference before and after recompression is analyzed. Then the statistical distribution of these two aspects are modeled as two different feature sets, and these two feature sets are combined for the final feature design to generate a 24-dimensional classification feature. Finally, a feature optimization is applied to reduce the 24-dimensional steganalysis feature to a 6-dimensional feature. It is demonstrated in experiment results that the proposed features have achieved a more accurate detection rate than current steganalysis methods under various circumstances, especially in the low embedding level situation. Keywords Video steganalysis · PU partition mode · Steganography · Information hiding
1 Introduction Steganography is an art and science of covert communication which conveys secret data without arousing any suspicion. While steganalysis, as the counter measure to steganography, detects the presence of hiding information in the cover. Steganography and steganalysis are like two sides of one coin, the constant development of one technology or the other is known as an “arms race”. In recent years, with the development of high-speed Internet and advanced video compression standard, digital video has gradually become one of the most promising media. And it is drawing more and more attention from relevant researchers, imposing a practical significance on video steganography. Nowadays, video steganographic methods are mainly integrated to compression process, which embeds secret information during encoding. Those approaches hide information by Tanfeng Sun
[email protected] 1
School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
Multimedia Tools and Applications
modifying certain encoding parameters, such as motion vectors [1, 2, 21, 25], quantization transform coefficients [5, 6, 12, 14], prediction modes [7, 18, 20, 22], etc [13]. As a successor to the widely used video coding standard H.264/AVC, High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC), also known as H.265, is a new generation of video compression standard. Many works have been done in HEVC information hiding field, such as hiding in the motion vectors domain [21], in the field transform coefficients [5, 6], in the prediction modes domain [18], and in the inter-prediction modes [20, 22]. While stega
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