Commercialization and Regulatory Requirements of Biopesticides in China
The development of modern agriculture systems, based on the scientific management of water and fertilizers and excellent crop varieties, has played an important role in ensuring supplies of agricultural products and increased farmers’ income in China. How
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Tao Tian, Bingbing Sun, Hongtao Li, Yan Li, Tantan Gao, Yunchao Li, Qingchao Zeng, and Qi Wang
Abstract
The development of modern agriculture systems, based on the scientific management of water and fertilizers and excellent crop varieties, has played an important role in ensuring supplies of agricultural products and increased farmers’ income in China. However, the continuous cropping of single crops and intense management of water and fertilizer has actually promoted the prevalence of plant diseases and insect pests, resulting in excess application of chemical pesticides. Currently, the problem of pesticide residue pollution is becoming a critical threat to food security and environmental health in China. To reduce the application of chemical pesticides and fertilizers, “the zero-growth plans to 2020 for the application of chemical pesticides and fertilizers” were proposed by the Chinese Ministry of Agriculture on March 18, 2015. As partial substitutes for chemical pesticide, biopesticides are receiving increasing attention from the government and the public in China. In this chapter, the current status of biopesticides in China is introduced, including an overview of the progress in developing biopesticides, the current status of the biopesticide industry, the registration status of biopesticide products, the application status of biopesticides, current registration management of biopesticides, future innovations in the registration management
T. Tian • B. Sun Institute of Plant Protection, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300384, China H. Li • Y. Li Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China Y. Li • T. Gao • Q. Zeng • Q. Wang (*) Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China e-mail: [email protected] © Springer Science+Business Media Singapore 2016 H.B. Singh et al. (eds.), Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-2576-1_14
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of biopesticides, important progress in research or industrialization of biopesticides, and the use of financial subsidies to promote the application of biopesticides. Keywords
Biopesticides • Registration • Chemical pesticides • Fertilizer
14.1
Overview of the Progress in Developing Biopesticides in China
As the largest developing country, China has a population of about 1.37 billion and a cultivated land area of about 135 million hectares (National data 2014). The development of modern agriculture systems, based on the scientific management of water, fertilizers, and excellent crop varieties, has played an important role in ensuring supplies of agricultural products and increased farmers’ income in China. However, the long-term, continuous cropping of single crop and the intense management of water and fertilizers have promoted the prevalence of plant diseases and insect pests, resulting in a huge demand for chemical pesticides. In 2015, the amount of chemical pesticides applied in China reached 320,000
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