Comparative cytogenetic analysis of three species of the genus Partamona (Apidae, Meliponini)
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Original article
Comparative cytogenetic analysis of three species of the genus Partamona (Apidae, Meliponini) Geovane Campanha GONÇALVES1 , Anderson Medeiros DALBOSCO1 , Adriane BARTH2 , Elder Assis MIRANDA1 , Marco Antônio COSTA1 1
Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, Km 16, Ilhéus, Bahia 45662-900, Brazil 2 Departamento de Ensino Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Mato Grosso–IFMT, Rondonópolis, Mato Grosso 78721-520, Brazil Received 29 March 2020 – Revised 16 June 2020 – Accepted 21 July 2020
Abstract – Partamona is a genus of stingless bee composed of 33 neotropical species that occur from Mexico to Brazil. The scarcity of cytogenetic studies on Partamona limits the use of this indispensable information for the recognition of species. In this study, a comparative cytogenetic analysis of three Partamona species of controversial taxonomy was carried out. Partamona ailyae , Partamona sooretamae , and Partamona aff. helleri showed the chromosome numbers, 2n = 34 and n = 17. However, differences were found in the karyotypic formula of 2K = 22M + 12SM in P. ailyae , 2K = 20M + 14SM in P. sooretamae , and 2K = 28M + 6SM in P. aff. helleri . CMA3/ DAPI staining revealed heterogeneity in the composition of heterochromatin, and differences in the number of CMA3+ signals among the species, ranging from 10 in P. ailyae to 18 in both P. sooretamae and P. aff. helleri . Two rDNA sites were found in both P. ailyae and P. sooretamae , whereas six sites were found in P. aff. helleri . Moreover, chromosomal heteromorphism was found in P. aff. helleri , resulting from a reciprocal translocation of a NOR region between pairs 1 and 5. Although chromosome number was the same, the karyotypes were diverse due to variations in the content and distribution of constitutive heterochromatin as well as the number and location of 18S rDNA regions. These variations are useful to the cytotaxonomic distinction of the species. Partamona sooretamae / Partamona ailyae / Partamona aff. Helleri / stingless bee / molecular cytogenetics
1. INTRODUCTION Partamona (SCHWARZ, 1939) is a genus of stingless bees that occur exclusively in the Neotropical region from southern Mexico to southern Brazil. Species of this genus are found in different biomes, such as rainforests, cerrado (Brazilian savanna), caatinga (dry scrub forest in northeastern Brazil), and environments transformed by human activities. This group is diverse and uses
Corresponding author: M. Costa, [email protected]. Costa, [email protected] Manuscript editor: Klaus Hartfelder
several types of substrates to build nests, the entrances of which are quite distinct among different species. In some cases, these characteristics are used for taxonomic purposes, as some species of the genus are morphologically very similar and difficult to identify (Pedro and Camargo 2003; Camargo and Pedro 2003). According to Camargo and Pedro (2003), who described 17 of the 33 species of the genus, species of Partamona are subdivided
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