Comparative in silico analysis of chemotaxis system of Campylobacter fetus
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MINI-REVIEW
Comparative in silico analysis of chemotaxis system of Campylobacter fetus Dina Fahmy • Christopher J. Day • Victoria Korolik
Received: 31 March 2011 / Revised: 12 August 2011 / Accepted: 6 September 2011 / Published online: 9 October 2011 Ó Springer-Verlag 2011
Abstract Chemoreceptor and chemotaxis signal transduction cascade genes of C. fetus subsp. fetus 82-40 show high level of similarity to that in C. jejuni and appears to include sixteen diverse transducer-like protein (tlp) genes that appear similar to nine of the twelve tlp genes in the C. jejuni NCTC 11168 with a percent identity ranging from 15 to 50%. Sixteen putative C. fetus 82-40 tlp genes belong to three classes: A, B, and C, as well as an aerotaxis gene, based on their predicted structure. C. fetus subsp. fetus 82-40 chemoreceptor and chemotaxis signal transduction pathway genes have close phylogenetic relationship of chemotaxis genes between Campylobacteraceae and Helicobacteraceae. Keywords Chemotaxis Chemosensory receptors Campylobacter fetus
Introduction The bacteria belonging to species Campylobacter fetus are recognized as important animal and human pathogens (Vandamme et al. 1991). C. fetus can be divided into two subspecies, C. fetus subsp. venerealis (CFV) and C. fetus subsp. fetus (CFF) and includes an intermediate of C. fetus
Communicated by Sebastian Suerbaum.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00203-011-0754-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. D. Fahmy C. J. Day V. Korolik (&) Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Queensland 4222, Australia e-mail: [email protected]
subsp. venerealis, designated biovar intermedius (CVI) (Veron and Chatelai 1973). CFV shows a strong tropism for the bovine genital tract causing bovine genital campylobacteriosis (BGC), a disease that causes the destruction of the cattle’s embryo early in gestation (Garcia et al. 1983). Human infections with this subspecies are not common (Thompson and Blaser 1995). CFF on the other hand can cause infections in humans and animals including, cattle, goats, pigs, horses, fowl, and reptiles and can cause abortion in sheep and cattle (Dennis 1975; Harvey and Greenwood 1985; Garcia et al. 1983; Meinershagen et al. 1965; Tu et al. 2004; Watson et al. 1967). Although the mechanisms of campylobacter pathogenicity are poorly understood, motility and chemotaxis have been shown to be important for the initiation of the disease process for Campylobacter species (Hugdahl et al. 1988; Ferrero and Lee 1988; Lee et al. 1986; Szymanski et al. 1995; Takata et al. 1992; Terry et al. 2005). In silico analysis of the genome sequence of C. jejuni NCTC 11168 (Marchant et al. 2002), revealed that in C. jejuni, some of the key signal transduction chemotaxis proteins, such as CheW and CheY, are conserved, while others show differences to those found in E. coli. CheB protein lacks a CheY-like receiver domain, while CheA protein contains an additional C-te
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