Comparative non-targeted metabolomics reveals differentiation of biochemical pathway network among fruits of natural pop
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Comparative non‑targeted metabolomics reveals differentiation of biochemical pathway network among fruits of natural populations and Cv. Alphonso of mango (Mangifera indica L.) M. Saleem Dar1,2 · Yashwant Kumar1,3 · Sachin A. Punekar4 · Vidya S. Gupta1,2 · Bhushan B. Dholakia5,6 · Ashok P. Giri1,2 Received: 30 June 2020 / Revised: 9 September 2020 / Accepted: 12 September 2020 © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020
Abstract The focus of the metabolomic studies of mango fruit (Mangifera indica L.) so far has been mostly towards flavor and pulp quality metabolites and their biogenesis in domesticated cultivars. These studies are reliant on techniques, viz., gas chromatography and headspace solid-phase micro-extraction, and recently liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Here, we performed comparative untargeted metabolite analysis to understand flavor differentiation as fruit-specific changes in various biochemical pathways among Cv. Alphonso and two different natural mango populations from the Western Ghats, India. Significant stage-specific metabolome variations among these fruit sets were identified through principal component analysis. Furthermore, the multivariate analysis suggested quantitative expression variance in housekeeping and specialized metabolic pathways from the natural populations and Alphonso through network map for all the predominant biochemical pathways. The metabolites found in this study might be involved in growth and development processes, flavour, shelf-life, species interaction, and defences correlating with important general functions previously reported from mango and other fruits. Keywords Flavor · High-resolution mass spectrometry · Mango · Metabolic pathway analysis · Metabolomics · Natural population · LC–MS
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s42485-020-00047-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Bhushan B. Dholakia [email protected] * Ashok P. Giri [email protected] 1
Plant Molecular Biology Unit, Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
2
Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
3
Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), Faridabad, Uttar Pradesh 121001, India
4
Biospheres, Eshwari, 52/403, Lakshminagar, Parvati, Pune, Maharashtra 411009, India
5
Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
6
MBB Department, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar 799022, India
Abbreviations LC–MS Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry WG Western Ghats EICs Extracted ion chromatograms PCA Principal component analysis BP Bhimashankar population Cv. Cultivar AUR Alphonso unripened AR Alphonso ripened BP1-UR Bhimashankar population-1 unripened BP1-R Bhimashankar population-1 ripened BP2-UR Bhimashankar population-2 unripened BP2-R Bhimashankar popul
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