Comparison of characteristics of Bi 2 Te 3 and Bi 2 Te 2.7 Se 0.3 thermoelectric materials synthesized by hydrothermal p
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Comparison of characteristics of Bi2Te3 and Bi2Te2.7Se0.3 thermoelectric materials synthesized by hydrothermal process Y. Saberi1, S. A. Sajjadi1,* 1
, and H. Mansouri1
Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
Received: 21 April 2020
ABSTRACT
Accepted: 4 September 2020
In this research, a simple approach based on hydrothermal method was developed for the synthesis of high purity Bi2Te2.7Se0.3 polyhedral nanoflakes and Bi2Te3 spherical nanoparticles. The synthesized Bi2Te3 and Bi2Te2.7Se0.3 nanopowders were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, field emission electron microscopy, photoluminescence (PL) and ultraviolet–visible near-infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that the produced powders (Bi2Te3 and Bi2Te2.7Se0.3) exhibit no chemical impurity formed during hydrothermal synthesis process. Besides, the ternary Bi2Te2.7Se0.3 alloy showed less oxide bond versus the Bi2Te3 alloy. The results showed that Bi2Te2.7Se0.3 powders possess a uniform nano-flake shape with an average size of 48 nm along with bandgap energy of 0.6 eV. Moreover, Bi2Te3 powders were characterized with a uniform spherical shape and an average size of 43 nm along with bandgap energy of 0.9 eV. The Bi2Te2.7Se0.3 nanoplate powders exhibited a favorable bandgap and lower PL intensity due to the larger particle size compared with the spherical Bi2Te3 nanopowders. In conclusion, the obvious specifications of Bi2Te3-based materials were improved by the incorporation of selenium using a hydrothermal procedure. It is strongly believed that this synthesis approach and characterization methods will be important for the development of thermoelectric performance and applications of these groups of materials, such as sensors, laser diode, cooling system, fiber-optic systems.
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Springer Science+Business
Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-020-04435-y
J Mater Sci: Mater Electron
1 Introduction The unique features of thermoelectric materials including long-life, no moving parts, no emission of toxic gases, high reliability, and thermal to electrical energy conversion have attracted a lot of interest in the last decades [1–3]. So, the materials are the best candidates for many functional applications such as refrigerators, sensors, and diodes [4–6]. Group V-VI semiconductors such as Bi2Te3, Bi2Se3 and Sb2Te3 based alloys are known as the best thermoelectric materials with the highest figure of merit (ZT) and performance in the temperature range of 200–400 K [7–10]. The dimensionless ZT parameter is defined as 2
ZT ¼ rak T in which, a is the Seebeck coefficient, r is the electrical conductivity, k is the thermal conductivity, and T is the absolute temperature. According to the previous studies, the ternary Bi2Te2.7Se0.3 alloy has better semiconductor properties than Bi2Te3 [11, 12]. Furthermore, using thermoelectric materials in diff
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