Comparison of Color Doppler Ultrasound and Ankle-Brachial Pressure Index Measurement in Peripheral Vascular Diseases
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Comparison of Color Doppler Ultrasound and Ankle-Brachial Pressure Index Measurement in Peripheral Vascular Diseases Shradha Gupta 1,2
&
Amit Mahajan 1 & Anil Luther 1 & Shubhra Rathore 1
Received: 17 April 2020 / Accepted: 22 October 2020 # Association of Surgeons of India 2020
Abstract Peripheral vascular diseases (PVD) are a group of common degenerative (organic) and vasospastic (functional) disease processes that result in significant morbidity and are strong predictors of subsequent mortality. It is diagnosed by definitive history of intermittent claudication or if one or more of peripheral pulses are absent in one or both lower limbs. A variety of non-invasive techniques, viz., ankle-brachial pressure index (ABPI) test and color Doppler imaging, are available to diagnose the presence of PVD as well as to localize areas of stenosis, assess severity of disease, and follow patients for disease progression or response to therapy. Therefore, the focus of this study is to compare color Doppler ultrasound and ABPI individually and in combination in diagnosing cases of peripheral vascular diseases, considering CT angiography the gold standard investigation. Patients were assessed on the basis of history; clinical examination and relevant investigations done were noted in the data sheet according to the proforma including the Edinburgh Claudication Questionnaire. Comparison of color Doppler ultrasound and ankle-brachial pressure index measurement in peripheral vascular diseases was determined using relevant statistical tests. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were calculated for comparison of ABPI and color Doppler imaging with CT angiography. Color Doppler ultrasound proved to be a better modality as compared to the anklebrachial pressure index for diagnosis of peripheral vascular disease, considering CT angiography the gold standard investigation. Keywords Peripheral vascular diseases . Color Doppler ultrasound . ABPI . CT angiography
Introduction Peripheral vascular disease (PVD) is a term used to describe the impairment of blood flow to the extremities usually as a result of atherosclerotic occlusive disease [1]. Patients with PVD may experience a multitude of problems, such as claudication, ischemic rest pain, ischemic ulcerations, repeated hospitalizations, revascularizations, and limb loss. This may lead to a poor quality of life and a high rate of depression. However, the rate of myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular death in patients with both symptomatic and asymptomatic PVD is markedly increased [2]. A variety of * Shradha Gupta [email protected] 1
Christian Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
2
Dehradun, India
non-invasive techniques are available to detect the presence of peripheral vascular disease as well as to localize areas of stenosis, assess severity of disease, and follow patients for disease progression or response to therapy. These are: & &
Ankle-brachial pressure index (ABPI) test Do
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