Competition Policies in Emerging Economies Lessons and Challenges fr
Do small developing economies, or SDEs, need a specific competition policy to create competitive markets? Against the backdrop of globalization, protectionist policies that promote state ownership and heavy regulation of key industries are proving increas
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Claudia Schatan • Eugenio Rivera Editors
Competition Policies in Emerging Economies Lessons and Challenges from Central America and Mexico
Project of Canada’s International Development Research Center (IDRC) and the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) “Strengthening Competition in Latin American Isthmus: National Policies and Institutions, Regional Coordination and Participation in International Negotiations”
International Development Research Centre Ottawa • Cairo • Dakar • Montevideo • Nairobi • New Delhi • Singapore
Editors Claudia Schatan ECLAC, Mexico City Mexico www.cepal.org.mx [email protected]
Eugenio Rivera Director of the Area of Regulation Foundation Chile 21 Santiago Chile
A copublication with the International Development Research Centre PO Box 8500 Ottawa, ON, Canada K1G 3H9 www.idrc.ca / [email protected] ISBN (e-book) 978-1-55250-401-7
ISBN: 978-0-387-78432-8 (Hardcover) ISBN: 978-0-387-78434-2 (Softcover) DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-78433-5
e-ISBN: 978-0-387-78433-5
Library of Congress Control Number: 2008925636 © United Nations 2008 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science + Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. Printed on acid-free paper 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 springer.com
Foreword
The challenges faced by market competition have been more widely recognized in the Latin American region over the last few years. There has been renewed interest in antitrust policies, in modernizing various regulations and achieving greater transparency in the way firms operate. The relevance this topic has acquired has grown precisely at a time when the concentration of wealth has deepened regionally and globally. The lack of appropriate pro-competition legal and institutional frameworks during the privatization process of large public enterprises in the 1980s and 1990s and a great number of ensuing mergers and acquisitions have made possible frequent anti-competitive practices, adversely affecting consumers and the competitiveness of producers. In a number of public utility services essential to the economy, large privatized firms, formerly under public ownership, often act as monopolies. These practices have spread internationally. Economic liberalization and digitalization have made it easier to invest capital in foreign markets, but little has been done to curb abuse of market power in many developing countries where they operate. This book add
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