Complications
In this chapter, we describe surgery-related complications for transforaminal full-endoscopic surgery. Unlike the inter laminar approach, there are special complications such as exiting nerve root injury, seizure, etc. Surgeons should be aware of these co
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Transforaminal Full-Endoscopic Lumbar Surgery Under the Local Anesthesia
Koichi Sairyo Editor
Transforaminal Full-Endoscopic Lumbar Surgery Under the Local Anesthesia State of the Art
Editor Koichi Sairyo Professor and Chairman Department of Orthopedics Tokushima University Tokushima Japan
ISBN 978-981-15-7022-3 ISBN 978-981-15-7023-0 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7023-0 © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore
I dedicate this book to my children, Eriko, Yuya, and Rena. Their encouragement always drives my passion for creating new surgical technology. To my wife, Michiko, thank you for your unending understanding of my challenge. KOICHI SAIRYO
Preface
The purpose of this textbook is to provide a comprehensive overview of transforaminal (TF) full-endoscopic lumbar spine surgery (FESS) under local anesthesia. This technique started more than two decades ago, and it was introduced in Japan in 2003 by Professor Dezawa, my mentor. In the two decades, the endoscopic technique and equipment have evolved greatly and rapidly. However even now, we do not have appropriate textbooks on this technique in Japanese and in English. I am a professor and chairman in the Department of Orthopedics at Tokushima University, Japan. I am the only professor in Japan who has been conducting TF-FESS. So far, I have instructed my technique to many fellows in my department. Thus, many surgeons have been doing full-endoscopic spine surgery in Tokushima University and affiliated hospitals. In Japan, Tokushima would be Mecca of TF-FESS, I hope. This textbook covers almost all areas of TF-FESS, including its history
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